猪场粪污中重金属和抗生素的研究现状

The Heavy Metals and Antibiotics in Swine Manure: A Review

随着集约养猪业的快速发展,重金属、抗生素等具有促进生长和疾病预防作用的物质被广泛添加于饲料中,相当部分的重金属、抗生素被残留在粪尿污水中。重金属具有难迁移、难降解、易富集、危害大等特点,易通过生物富集危害人类的健康;而抗生素在生态环境中迁移带动了抗性基因的传播,会使细菌对抗生素产生抗药性。本文综述了猪场粪污和沼液中重金素和抗生素的含量,现有处理技术下重金素和抗生素的去除,以及重金素和抗生素对粪污处理利用的影响。最后,对猪场粪污中重金素和抗生素的减控提出了建议,对以后的研究进行了展望。

With the rapid development of intensive piggery industry,heavy metals and antibiotics were widely used as feeding additives in pig farming,either to improve the growth performance or to prevent infection. After ingestion by pigs,some of these compounds were excreted with the manure. However,the heavy metals were characterized as hard migration,refractory degradation,easily enriched and great harm,and the antibiotics in environment could develop antibiotic resistant microbial populations. Therefore,heavy metals and antibiotics could create an environmental crisis and human health problems. The paper conducted a detailed review of previous researches on the content of heavy metals and antibiotics in swine manure,and their removal efficiency with the present treatment technologies. Finally,the suggestions were put forward for the reduction and controlling of heavy metals and antibiotics. And the further researches were prospected.