日本主要电子企业生产经营战略性转变分析

Strategic Transitions of Production and Business Operation of Japanese Leading Electronic Companies

近年来,日本主要电子企业开始在生产经营上谋求战略性转变,主要表现为从"增加体量"转向"选择与集中"战略、从"纵向一体化"的企业结构转向"纵横两向相结合"、从"内向型"风格转向"开放与封闭"相结合、重视跨产业和多元发展等。企业盈利状况、贸易状况的恶化及生产经营方式与风格局限性的凸显是日本电子企业谋求转型的原因。通过一系列转变,日本电子企业在提升盈利能力、把握制造业发展方向及获取海外市场等方面产生了积极效果,同时,也产生了消费类电子产品进一步萎缩的负效应。随着我国电子行业的发展变化,中日电子企业面临的问题逐渐趋同。因此,日本电子企业对现阶段问题的看法和理解,以及随之所采取的行之有效的战略性转变,将为我国电子企业的发展和变革提供启示与借鉴。

In recent years, Japanese electronic companies are seeking strategic transitions and display the following characters. First of all, electronic companies transit their focus from enlarging production scale to main industries selection and essential industry concentration. Second, electronic companies changed their introversive management style to being open. Third, electronic companies tend to shift their management structure from vertical integration to vertical - horizontal combination. Last, elec- tronic companies tend to focus on building cross - industry and diversified development. The reasons for strategic transitions happened can be sum up as profitability deteriorated, trade advantage lost and the weakness of way of production and business operation exposed. With striving to do strategic transi- tions, some optimistic effects appear. Japanese electronic companies profitability have been improved, they can grasp the development trend of manufacturing industry and obtaining overseas market shares. However, in another hand, market share of electronics product for end - user consumption is shrink. With the electronic industry developed in China, Chinese electronic companies would encounter the same or familiar problems which Japanese companies once had. Therefore, Japanese electronic companies＇ effort to solve their problems in present stage and their actual work on strategic transitions would helpful for Chinese electronic companies＇ development.