昆明市儿童医院ROP患儿的母亲孕期风险因素研究

Maternal risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity in Kunming Children's Hospital

目的:研究并分析昆明市及周边地区高海拔条件下早产儿视网膜病变(retinopathy of prematurity,ROP)患儿母亲孕期的相关风险因素。方法:使用宽视野数字化眼底照相机(RetcamⅡ),对2010-05/2014-12到昆明市儿童医院眼科就诊的早产儿及部分足月小样儿(出生体质量均≤2000g)共1010例进行视网膜检查,收集ROP的发病数据及患儿母亲孕期相关资料,对所获得的各项数据进行统计学处理和分析。结果:早产儿1010例中发现ROP患儿139例278眼,患病率为13.76%,其中1期病变80例(57.55%),2期病变42例(30.22%),3期病变9例(6.47%),4期病变4例(2.88%),5期病变4例(2.88%)。阈值病变9例(6.47%)。ROP组与正常眼底组早产儿在出生体质量、胎龄、宫内窘迫、多胎妊娠方面的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在昆明市高海拔低氧分压地区,ROP患病率为13.76%,低出生体重、小胎龄、宫内窘迫、多胎妊娠是ROP发生的主要孕期因素。

AIM：To investigate the prenatal risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity（ROP） in Kunming Children＇s Hospital.METHODS：One thousand and one hundred cases of prematurity and infants（May 2010 to Dec.2014） with birth weight less than 2000 g were examined by Retcam Ⅱand recorded the stage and risk factors.RESULTS：One hundred and thirty-nine ROP patients were founded among the 1010 cases（13.76%）,including80 cases（57.55%） in Stage 1,42 cases（30.22%） in Stage2,9 cases（6.47%） in Stage 3,4 cases（2.88%） in Stage4,4 cases（2.88%） in Stage 5.Nine cases（6.47%） were threshold ROP.There was significant difference in birth weight（BW）,gestational age（GA）,multiple pregnancy and ischemia between ROP and Non-ROP groups.GA and BW,multiple pregnancy and ischemia were significant risk factors associated with ROP.CONCLUSION：In Kunming Children＇s Hospital,the incidence of ROP is 13.67%.Low birth-weight and low gestational ages,multiple pregnancy and ischemia are main maternal risk factors for ROP.