2012～2014年太原市手足口病流行特征分析

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease,Taiyuan city,2012-2014

目的了解太原市手足口病发病情况,为制定手足口病防制措施提供参考依据。方法对2012~2014年太原市手足口病情况进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2012~2014年太原市手足口病的报告发病率分别为166.64/10万、90.72/10万和211.83/10万,基本呈现上升趋势,不同年份发病率差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;发病高峰集中在5~7月,占72.64%（14 424/19 856）;发病年龄以〈5岁幼儿为主,其中较多的是1~3岁,12 206例,占总病例数的61.47%;发病人群主要是散居儿童和幼托儿童,分别占总病例数的48.95%和44.29%;男女性别发病比为1.46∶1,男性发病率高于女性（P〈0.01）;全市10个区（县）都有病例发生,发病人数居全市前3位的是小店区（24.63%）、万柏林区（21.99%）和杏花岭区（14.72%）;共采集1 918例咽试子样本进行实验室检测,阳性率为75.65%,以EV71为主,占53.62%;发病以散发为主。结论太原市手足口病的发病率较高,有明显的季节性,人群性及地区性;婴幼儿是手足口病的重点防控人群。

Objective To understand the incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease in Taiyuan city,so as to provide reference basis for the prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease in Taiyuan city,2012-2014. Results The incidence rate of hand-foot-mouth disease in Taiyuan city from 2012 to 2014was 166.64/105,90.72/105 and 211.83/105,and with significantly difference（P 〈0.01）.The peaks were May-July,accounting for 72.64%（14 424/19 856）.The cases mainly occurred among children under five,most of those cases were 1-3years children（12 206 cases,61.47%）.The mostly affected populations were children outside child care settings and children in child care settings,accounting for 48.95%and 44.29%.The male and female ratio was 1.46∶1,higher in males than that of females（P 〈0.01）,Moreover,The disease occurred in all districts of Taiyuan city,the top three districts were Xiaodian district（24.63%）,Wanbailin district（21.99%）and Xinghualing district（14.72%）.1 918 throat swab samples were detected,and the positive rate was 75.65%,in which EV71 accounted for53.62%.The hand-foot-mouth disease cases occurred sporadically. Conclusion The incidence rate of the hand-footmouth disease is higher with obvious seasonal,multitudinous and regional differences in Taiyuan city.The infants are the focus population for its prevention and control.