乌鲁木齐地区无偿献血者HCV感染及合并感染状况研究

Seroprevalence of HCV infection and co-infection among voluntary blood donors in Urumqi region

目的了解乌鲁木齐地区无偿献血者HCV感染及合并感染状况及流行病学特点，为减少HCV经血液传播，预防和控制HCV输血风险提供依据。方法收集2008年1月1日-2010年12月31日在乌鲁木齐血液中心献血者的一般资料及五项指标ALT、HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-HIV、抗-TP血液检测结果。结果调查自愿无偿献血者共计140665名，其中男性86179名（61．27％），女性54486名（38．73％），年龄范围18-55周岁。在所调查的140665名无偿献血者中，5971名献血者血液检测不合格，不合格检出率为42．45‰，血液五项检测指标不合格率分别为HBsAg（4．55‰）、ALT（26．82‰）、抗-HCV（5．52‰）、抗-HIV（2．34‰）、抗-TP（4．09‰）。抗-HCV阳性率在性别、年度、学历、年龄分布上差异无统计学意义（均P〉0．05）。HCV与ALT、HBV、HIV、TP的合并感染率分别为0．66‰、0．11‰、0．05‰、0．06‰。logistic回归分析显示献血者HCV感染影响因素有职业、性别及重复献血次数等。结论在今后献血工作中，要加大对男性、初次以及未婚无偿献血者的筛查力度，建立一支固定、重复的无偿献血者队伍，才能不断提高血液安全。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis C virus （ HCV） infection and co-infection among volunteer blood donors in Urumqi region, so as to provide evidence for reducing the blood transmission of HCV and preventing and controlling the risk of transfusion-transmitted HCV infection. Methods We collected the data about general informaiton and detection results of 5 haematological markers including ALT, HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-HIV and anti-TP in voluntary blood donors from Urumqi Blood Center from January 1,2008 to December 31, 2010. Results A total of 140,665 voluntary blood donors including 86,179 （ 61.27% ） males and 54,486 （ 38.730/0 ） females were surveyed, with the age range of 18 -55 years old. The unqualified rate of blood samples detected was 42.45‰ （5,971/140,665）. The positive rates of HBsAg, elevated ALT, anti-HCV, anti-HIV and anti-TP were 4.55‰, 26.82‰, 5.52‰, 2.34‰ and 4.09‰ respectively. No statistically significantly differences were found in the positive rates of anti-HCV in groups of different genders, educational backgrounds and ages, and among different years （all P〉0.05）. The rates of HCV/ALT, HCV/HBV, HCV/HIV and HCV/TP co-infection were 0.66‰, 0.11‰, 0.05‰ and 0.06‰ respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that the factors influencing HCV infection were occupation, gender and frequency of repeated blood donation, etc. Conclusions It is necessary to strengthen the screening of male, first-time and unmarried blood donors in the future work of blood donation. A routine team with repeated blood dona- tion volunteers should he built to constantly improve the quality and safety of blood supply.