自播散疫苗

Self-disseminating vaccines

自播散疫苗(Self-disseminating vaccines,SDV)是一种携带抗原编码基因的可复制病毒载体,不但能免疫被接种动物,并能在被接种动物体内复制后再感染与被接种动物接触的动物使其被免疫。黏液瘤病毒是第一个被发现的SDV病毒载体,被成功用于预防兔多发黏液瘤病。由于具有独特的性质,巨细胞病毒(Cytomegalovirus,CMV)可能成为理想的研制SDV的载体。动物源性新发传染病(如埃博拉病毒病等)的不断出现正促进SDV的研制。SDV可能成为一种能有效阻断新发传染病病原体从动物向人传播的生物制品。

Self-disseminating vaccines（ SDV） is a type of replicating virus-based vectors carrying encoding genes of protective antigens from pathogenic microorganisms. The SDV is able to replicate in the immunized animals,and afetrwards to be disseminated from the immunized animals to nave animals to contact with them. The myxoma virus was the first viral vector used in SDV for the prevention of myxomatosis in wild rabbits. Due to its unique characteristics,cytomegalovirus（ CMV）has been investigated as an ideal vector for developing SDV. The need for developing SDV has been emphasized by the increased rate of emerging infectious diseases（ EID）,such as Ebola virus disease. SDV should be a novel approach to potentially interrupt transmission of the pathogens causing EID from animal to human（ zoonotic）.