中山市小榄竹源社区高血压患者心理状况调查及干预的研究

Study on psychological investigation and intervention for the patients with hypertension in Zhongshan city Xiaolan Zhuyuan community

目的了解高血压病患者的心理状况、认知态度及治疗情况,探讨心理状况相关影响因素及对应干预治疗的疗效。方法采用流行病学现况调查的方法对中山市小榄镇竹源社区5个片区520例确诊高血压的居民进行问卷调查。采用多重Logistic回归模型分析高血压患者的心理状况的相关因素。结果与血压控制不良者相比,血压控制良好者的效度量表中L分更高,F分更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而SOM、DEP、ANX、UNR更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),PSD、HYP、HMA差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。性格、血压范围高、不能生活自理、高血压病病程长、高血压相关知识了解程度低、觉得心理健康对疾病控制不重要是老年住院高血压患者产生焦虑的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论高血压患者中伴有心理健康问题的比例较高,血压控制不良者更为明显。心理状况影响因素较多,对于高血压患者,药物降压治疗的同时,应及时进行心理干预,减少负性情绪,提高血压控制效果。

Objective To understand the psychological status,cognitive attitude and treatment situation,and to explore the related influencing factors of psychological investigation and its effect of corresponding intervention. Methods 520 residents diagnosed with high blood pressure in the five area of Zhuyuan community,Xiaolan town of Zhongshan city through the methods of epidemiological investigation were investigated by a questionnaire.And the related factors of the psychological status of patients with hypertension were analyzed by the multiple Logistic regression models. Results Compared with patients with poor blood pressure control,the validity scale of good blood pressure control was higher in L and lower in F,and the differences were statistically significant（P〈0.05）.The SOM,DEP,ANX,UNR were much lower,the differences were significant（P〈0.05）,and the differences were not statistically significant in the PSD,HYP,HMA（P〉0.05）.The Logistic multifactor analysis results showed that the personality,high blood pressure,not taking care of themselves,the long course of hypertension,the low of high blood pressure related knowledge and the non-important of psychological health of the disease control were the independent risk factor for anxiety in elderly patients with hypertension（P〈0.05）. Conclusion In the patients with hypertensive,the mental health problems were higher proportion and the poor blood pressure control were more obvious.There were many factors affect the psychological status of patients with hypertension,while in the treatment of drug antihypertensive at the same time,it should be given the psychological intervention in time,thus to reduce negative emotions and improve blood pressure control effect.