光照强度对皱纹盘鲍杂交鲍幼鲍行为和生长的影响

Effects of light illumination on the behavior and growth of juvenile hybrid pacific abalone

为优化海上养鲍设施,特别是养鲍网箱结构,开展了40d的皱纹盘鲍杂交鲍幼鲍（Haliotis discus hannai♀×Haliotis discus discus ♂）在0 Lx（暗光照）、0-500 Lx（弱光照）、0-6 500 Lx（强光照）3组不同光照强度下的生长与活动试验.结果显示,壳长（4. 86 ±0. 17） cm、体重（15. 08 ±1.07）g的幼鲍,壳长平均日增长和体 重平均日增长分别为（0.014 1±0.003）cm/d 和（0.054 9±0.011）g/d（暗光组）、（0.008 3±0.003）cm/d 和（0.046 ±0.013）g/d（弱光组）、（0.007±0.001）cm/d和（0.028 4±0.016）g/d（强光组）,二者均与光照强度呈反比,且光 照对鲍壳生长的影响大于对质量的影响.暗光照环境下,幼鲍活动时间提前30 min,活动时间增加0. 5- 1 h,且进食量大、进食速度快.研究表明,强光照会对鲍形成光压抑的生活环境,影响鲍的正常行为与生长. 海上养鲍应根据鲍对光照刺激的反应,选择适宜的水层,并优化网箱和匍匐基结构.

To optimize the marine culture facilities for abalone, especially the cage structure, this paper studied the behavior and growth differences ol juvenile （ Haliotis discus hannai ♀ × Haliotis discus discus ♂） hybrid Pacific abalones under different light intensities based on the comparison experiments with three groups of abalones cultured under the light intensity of 0 Lx （dark light）,0？500 Lx （weak light）,and 0？6 500 Lx （strong light）, respectively. The result showed that, for abalones of the size of （ 15. 08±1. 07） g in weight and （4. 86±0. 17） cm in shell length, the average daily growth of shell length and that of body weight were respectively （0.014 1 ±0.003） cm/d and （0.054 9±0.011）g/d in the dark light group ,（0.008 3±0.003） cm/d and （0.046±0.013）g/d in the weak light group,（0.007 ±0.001） cm/d and （0.0284±0.016）g/d in the strong light group. The impact of illumination on the growth of shell was more outstanding than that on the growth of weight. The daily feeding rates were 9. 92 % in the strong light group, 10. 2 6 % in the weak light group,and 11% in the dark light group, while the feed conversion ratios were correspondingly 1.75%, 2. 6 8 % and 2. 92%. The juvenile abalones living in the dark light group were more active and took food half an hour earlier than the other two groups, demonstrating the best appetite and fastest feeding speed. Such result showed that high illumination intensity could cause a suppressing living environment for the abalones and affect their normal behavior and growth. For marine culture, their response to light stress should be considered to select the optimal water layers and optimize the cage structures.