“不得已”的词汇化及其历时发展

The Lexicalization of “Budeyi”and Its Diachronic Changes

先秦时期,否定短语结构"不得+已"表"不能够停止",并同时词汇化为词"不得已"表"无可奈何、别无选择"。自此,"不得已"的词汇化不断巩固、成熟。推动"不得已"词汇化的主要机制有二,一是语言的主观性,二是概念隐喻。

During the pre-Qin period,negative phrase structure＂Bude ＋ yi（ 不得 ＋ 已） ＂meant to be unable to stop,and was lexicalized as a new word ＂Budeyi（ 不得已） ＂,meaning as＂have to,have no choice＂. Since then,the lexicalization of＂Budeyi＂has been consolidated and become mature. The main mechanisms of the lexicalizated ＂Budeyi＂are linguistic subjectivity and conceptual metaphor.