基于格网法的城市空间紧凑度研究——以广州市天河区为例

Researches on Urban Compactness Based on Grid Method: A Case Study of Tianhe District, Guangzhou

本文以广州市天河区为研究对象,利用高分辨率遥感影像数据提取建筑空间信息并进行分类。在此基础上,构建城市空间紧凑度评价指标体系,对研究区的紧凑特征进行评价,得出以下主要结论 :(1)研究使用的建筑信息提取和分类方法简单易行,获取的城市建筑空间属性信息准确,能有效应用于城市空间紧凑度的分析;(2)研究构建的评价指标体系能有效表征城市不同功能区的物理空间、功能布局以及社会组织紧凑程度的差异;其中,人口净密度是评价城市空间紧凑度的关键指标;(3)产业密集的工商业地区以及交通主干道附近区域的空间紧凑度更高,商业用地与居住用地的适度混合有助于提高城市空间的紧凑度。城市各功能区空间紧凑度大小依次是中心商业区>次级商业区>普通商业区>一般街区。

High-resolution remote sensing data of Guangzhou Tianhe district is used to extract building by object-oriented method. Then, the extracted information is used as one of basic data to identify an assessment indices system for measuring urban compactness in the study area. The main results are as following：（1） the method which is used to extract and classify the building information is simple, accurate, reliable and easy to use for urban compactness analysis.（2） The assessment index system which we constructed is an expeditious means to express the difference of physical space, functional layout, and social activity compactness in the different functional zones. Net residential density and population density are key factors to evaluate urban compactness among the assessment indices.（3） The spaces are more compact in the densely built areas of commercial and industrial sites, and the mix of commercial and residential land is helpful to promote compact development. The space of central business district is more compact, followed by secondary business district, ordinary business district and common block.