墨尔本“棕地”再开发的监管体系与制度设计

Regulatory System and Institutional Design for Brownfield Redevelopment in Melbourne

经过30多年高速城市化,如何合理使用"存量资源"、再开发棕地成为我国城市下阶段必须面对的挑战。基于西方国家现有经验和教训,我们不能在房地产开发的压力下,对棕地潜在的环境危害视而不见;但在人多地少的基本国情下,同样不能因噎废食,弃之不用。为此,亟需建立一套系统、科学的监管体系,推动安全、有序、高效的棕地再开发。基于对文献和实践的梳理,本文以墨尔本为研究案例,收集其市区大型棕地开发项目,对其监管体系和所涉及的利益相关者进行制度分析,以期为我国建立棕地监管体系提供借鉴。研究表明,对建设开发过程进行制度化监管是确保和推动墨尔本棕地再开发的关键,而在对棕地进行详细分类与前置审批的过程中,规划机构应起到核心作用。虽有国情差异,国际棕地再开发监管体系与制度设计对我国城市颇具借鉴意义。

After 30 years＇ urban growth the scarcity of China＇s urban land resource has gradually become apparent. One of the main challenges that Chinese cities face is the effective reuse of urban brownfield sites. The history of industrial nations, suggests the impossibility of ignoring the social cost of urban brownfields, yet this needs not prevent their responsible reuse. The key is to build an effective regulatory system to guide brownfield redevelopment. This study identifies major brownfield residential projects located in the inner-Melbourne area. It identifies regulation framework, linkage and actors, aiming to assist institutional design to guide brownfield redevelopment in Chinese cities. Research findings show that a properly designed effective regulation system is the key to balance brownfield reuse in Melbourne. Planning agency plays a key role in brownfield redevelopment.