青花椒生物活性及作用机制研究进展

Research Progress of Biological Activity and Mechanism in Zanthoxylum schinifolium Sieb. et Zucc.

青花椒(Zanthoxylum schinifolium Sieb.et Zucc.)作为一种重要的香料植物,主要分布于包括中国在内的亚洲国家,在美洲、非洲及大洋洲的热带和亚热带地区也有分布。由于青花椒含有丰富的挥发油、生物碱、酰胺类化合物等成分,使其在食品、医药、农业和日化行业中具有巨大的应用潜力。本文在介绍了青花椒主要化学成分的基础上,综述了青花椒主要生物活性如抗菌、镇痛、抗癌、保护心血管等,最新研究表明青花椒还具有抗病毒、提高机体免疫力、促进牙周膜干细胞分化为成骨细胞等活性。此外,青花椒抑制脂质细胞分化,开发减肥产品将成为青花椒一种新的应用。本文还综述了药理学和毒理学研究进展,从多个角度阐述青花椒在不同领域应用的重要性。

Zanthoxylum schinifolium Sieb. et Zucc. is a kind of important spice plant mainly distributedin Asian countries including China and in tropical and subtropical regions of the America, Africa and O-ceania. As it is rich in volatile oils, alkaloids, amides and other ingredients, it has great potential appli-cations in food, medicine, agriculture and chemical industry. Here we first introduced the main chemicalcomponents of green pepper, then the biological activities such as antibacterial, analgesia, anticancer,protecting the cardiovascular were summarized. The latest research showed that it also has activities inanti - virus, improving immunity and promoting differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells into bonecells. In addition, development of slimming products from it may come true as it can inhibit lipid cell dif-ferentiation. The progress of pharmacology and toxicology were also referred which indicated the great im-portance of Zanthoxylum schinifolium in different fields from multiple perspectives.