2009-2014年北京市房山区长阳镇手足口病流行病学分析

The Epidemiological Analysis of Hand-foot-mouth Disease in Changyang Town,Fangshan District of Beijing,2009-2014

目的了解北京市房山区长阳镇手足口病流行特征,探讨疫情变化规律,为今后开展预防控制工作提供科学依据。方法对＂中国疾病预防控制信息系统＂中报告的2009-2014年房山区长阳镇手足口病病例进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2009-2014年共报告房山区长阳镇手足口病病例1 634例,年均报告发病率为397.90/10万,高于房山区发病水平（190.13/10万）,6年来长阳镇报告发病率总体呈上升趋势,报告重症病例18例（年均重症率1.10%）,无死亡病例。其中,病例男女性别比为1.44∶1;有明显的季节性,发病高峰为5~8月;发病年龄主要集中在1~5岁;95.78%的病例为散居或幼托儿童;主要症状为发热（66.95%）和手、足、口等部位皮疹（100%）。聚集性疫情主要发生在托幼机构。结论北京市房山区长阳镇手足口病疫情呈逐年上升趋势,应加强对高发季节、高发地区、5岁以下儿童手足口病及其重症的防控工作,同时要重点加强托幼机构及外来人口密集区域的监测及防控工作。

Objective investigate the epidemic characteristics of the hand-foot-mouth disease（ HFMD） of Changyang town,Fangshan District of Beijing,explore the epidemic trends,and provide the scientific evidence for the HFMD prevention and control in future. Methods The HFMD epidemic data of Changyang town was collected based on the China Disease Reporting Information System for descriptive epidemiological analysis from2009 to 2014. Results There were 1,634 HFMD cases reported during this period in Changyang town. The average annual incidence was 397. 90 /100 000,which was higher than the average of incidence in Fangshan district（ 190. 13 /100,000）. 18 critical cases were reported and no death,the average annual rate of critical case was 1. 10%. Among theses cases the ratio of male to female was 1. 44 ∶ 1. The incidence of HFMD appeared obviously seasonal,which were the peak of May to August. Disease mainly concentrated in 1-5 years old,and95. 78% of the cases were diaspora or kindergarten children. The main symptoms were fever（ 66. 95%） and the rash of hand,foot and mouth（ 100%）. Aggregation epidemic occurs mainly in childcare facilities. Conclusion There was an upward trend of HFMD in Changyang town year by year,the prevention and control work should be strengthened on the high-risk season and areas,the children above age 5 and critical cases. The monitoring, prevention and control work should be strengthened in the childcare facilities and densely populated areas.