翻转课堂在中国面临的问题与应对之道——访翻转课堂先行者乔纳森·伯格曼

Flipped Classroom in China: The Problems and the Way to Deal with——An Interview with Jonathan Bergman the pioneer of flipped classroom

翻转课堂在中国已经引起了教育研究者以及教育工作者的广泛关注。然而,目前在实践层面,我国中小学实施翻转课堂还存在一些问题,包括:视频制作问题、学生学习问题、考试评价问题、支撑平台问题以及师生负担问题等。围绕着这些问题,我们对美国翻转课堂的先行者乔纳森·伯格曼进行了在线Skype访谈。在访谈中,伯格曼与我们分享了他对这些实践问题的真知灼见:(1)在视频制作方面,制作主体应该是授课教师,呈现形式可以是两个教师合作讲解,对教师要开展相应培训,视频也需要精心设计;(2)在学生学习方面,教师需要激发学生的积极性和主动性,这需要一个过程,探究性学习是不错的策略,但不是唯一的策略;(3)在考试评价方面,翻转课堂依然可以在中国特殊的评价文化中发挥作用,新的评价方式也可能会出现,但需要时间;(4)在支撑平台方面,新的针对中国用户的翻转课堂平台正在开发之中,不久将会投入使用;(5)在师生负担方面,教师是翻转课堂的主要驱动力,学校需要做很多工作来支持教师,学生并不会因为学校大规模地开展翻转课堂而增加学习的负担。

Flipped Classroom has gained extensive attention from researchers and educators in China. However, at present, there are some practical difficulties for schools to implement flipped classroom, including video production, active learning in class, learning assessment, leaning platform and workload of teachers and students. Around these difficulties and problems, we had an online Skype interview with Jonathan Bergman, the pioneer of flipped classroom. In this interview, Bergman shared his deep insights on these practi- cal problems with us： a） As for the video production, teachers should play the main role of producing videos, collaborating with each other, and schools should provide sufficient training for teachers, in terms of the technology and instruction design, b） As for the active learning, teachers need to stimulate students＇ enthusiasm and initiative to engage in learning activities in class, and inquiry - based learning, but not only, is a good teaching strategy, c） As for the learning assessment, flipped classroom still works in the special evaluation culture in China, and it may need time for new evaluation method to evolve, d） As for the learning platform, a new platform for Chinese users are under developing, and will be released soon. e） As for the workload, teachers are the main driver in flipped class-room, and schools should put lots of effort to support and motivate teachers, what＇s more, it will not increase students＇burden when implementing flipped classroom in whole in a school.