基于主成分及聚类分析的川产半夏产量与品质的综合评价

Comprehensive evaluation on yield and quality of Pinellia ternata from Sichuan based on principal component and cluster analysis

目的综合评价不同产地川产半夏资源的产量和品质,为川产半夏育种和高产栽培提供理论依据和参考。方法对22份来源于不同产地的川产半夏资源14个主要农艺性状及3个品质性状进行主成分分析,并进一步进行综合评价及聚类分析。结果供试川产半夏样品的增产率、单株叶质量和增殖率的变异系数较大,尿苷量、鸟苷量、尿苷及鸟苷总量的变异系数相对较小。主成分分析表明,17个主要性状可用6个主成分来表述,其累计贡献率达89.829%,分别归纳为块茎形态因子、株型品质因子、增殖率因子、大粒率因子、增产低殖因子及增产率因子。样品6的综合得分最高,为高产劣质型材料;样品13的综合得分最低,为低产优质型材料。聚类分析可将供试样品分为4类。结论通过主成分及聚类分析对川产半夏进行综合评价的方法可靠;四川盆地半夏野生资源丰富,可从中选择优质资源,为川产半夏新品种选育提供基础。

Objective To comprehensively compare and evaluate the yield and quality of Pinellia ternate from Sichuan province and provide a basis for breeding and high-yield cultivation of it. Methods Principal component analysis（PCA） on 14 main agronomic characters and three quality characters of 22 species of P. ternata came from Sichuan were analyzed, and the comprehensive evaluation and cluster analysis were carried out. Results The yield increase rate, leaf weight per plant, and proliferation rate had greater coefficients of variation among species, while the contents of uridine, guanosine, uridine, and guanosine had smaller coefficients of variation. PCA showed that the 17 main traits might be represented by six principal components, and the cumulative contribution rate was 89.829%, and induced that tuber morphology factor, plant type, quality factor, proliferation rate factor, large grain rate factor, high yield increase rate, low reproduction factor, and yield increase rate factor, respectively. The comprehensive score of 6 was the highest, which was the higher yield and inferior quality material, and the comprehensive score of13 was the lowest, which was the lower yield and higher quality material. The test materials could be divided into four types by cluster analysis. Conclusion The comprehensive evaluation method is reliable by PCA and cluster analysis. The wild resources of P. ternate in Sichuan basin is rich. We can choose some high quality resources among them to provide the basis for the selection of new varieties of Sichuan.