摘要
目的探讨有美托咪定联合舒芬太尼对泌尿外科腹腔镜手术患者术后镇痛效果及血流动力学的影响。方法选择2014年1月至2015年6月上海交通大学附属上海市同仁医院收治的择期行泌尿外科腹腔镜手术患者87例,根据随机数字表法分为观察组(46例)和对照组(41例)。观察组术后给予右美托咪定0.15μg/(kg·h)+舒芬太尼0.04μg/(kg·h)+托烷司琼5mg制成100ml溶液进行自控静脉镇痛,对照组给予舒芬太尼0.04μg/(kg·h)+托烷司琼5mg制成100ml溶液进行自控静脉镇痛。记录并比较2组患者术后1h(T1)、6h(T2)、12h(T3)、24h(T4)、48h(T5)的疼痛程度[疼痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分]和镇静度(Ramsay镇静评分)以及术前(R)、T1、T2、T3、T4、T5时点平均动脉压(MAP)、脉搏血氧饱和度(SpO2)及心率。观察并记录2组患者术后48h舒芬太尼用量及按压次数以及不良反应发生情况。结果R—T,时点,2组VAS评分均明显低于T1时点[观察组:(2.2±1.2)、(1.5±0.8)、(1.2±0.8)、(1.1±0.5)分比(4.6±1.9)分,对照组:(3.6±1.8)、(2.6±1.3)、(2.0±1.2)、(2.0±0.7)分比(4.7±2.0)分],且观察组明显低于对照组,2组Ramsay镇静评分均明显高于T,时点[观察组:(3.3±0.5)、(2.7±0.5)、(2.7±0.8)、(2.6±0.8)分比(2.3±0.5)分,对照组:(2.3±0.5)、(2.0±0.3)、(2.3±0.5)、(2.3±0.8)分比(1.6±0.5)分],且观察组T1~T4时点Ramsay评分明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P〈0.05)。T1-T5时点,观察组MAP、心率明显低于对照组[MAP:(84±12)mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa)比(92±13)mmHg、(87±12)mmHg比(99±12)mmHg、(87±10)mmHg比(100±12)mmHg、(85±12)mmHg比(96±13)mmHg、(84±11)mmHg比(93±14)mmHg;心率:(80±5)次/min比(87±5)次/min、(82±4)次/rain比(95±5)次/min、(85±5)次/min比(95±5)次/min、(83±4)次/min比(94±7)次/min、(81±5)次/min比(91±4)次/min],差异均有统计学意义(均P〈0.05);2组各时点SpO,比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P〉0.05)。术后48h内,观察组平均按压次数、舒芬太尼用量以及不良反应发生率均明显低于对照组[(21±6)次比(26±5)次、(82±18)ml比(102±21)ml、6.5%(3/46)比22.0%(9/41)],差异均有统计学意义(均P〈0.05)。结论右美托咪定联合舒芬太尼对泌尿外科腹腔镜手术患者术后镇痛、镇静效果较好,不良反应较少,且对血流动力学影响轻微。
Objective To explore the effect of dexmedetomidine combined with sufentanil on postoperative analgesia and hemodynamics in patients with urinary laparoscopic operation. Methods Totally 87 patients who had urinary laparoscopic operation from January 2014 to June 2015 in Shanghai Tongren Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiaotong University were randomly divided into observation group(46 cases) and control group(41 cases). The observation group was given dexmedetomidine 0. 15 μg/( kg h) + sufentanil 0. 04 μg/( kg h) + tropisetron 5 mg( 100 ml solution) for patient controlled intravenous analgesia(PCIA) ; the control group was given sufentanil 0.04 p.g/(kg, h) + tropisetron 5 mg(100 ml solution) for PCIA. At 1 h(T1), 6 h(T2), 12 h(T3), 24 h(T4), 48 h(T5)after operation, visual analogue scale(VAS) score and Ramsay sedation score were analyzed. Mean artery pressure( MAP), pulse oxygen saturation( SpO2 ) and heart rate were recorded before operation(T0) and at T1-T5 time points. Postoperative 48 h, the dosage of sufentanil, demand times of PCIA and the incidence of ad- verse reactions were analyzed. Results At T2-T5 time points, VAS scores were significantly lower than those at T1 time point in both groups [ observation group : (2.2±1.2), (1.5±0.8), (1.2±0.8), (1.1 ±0.5)scores vs (4.6±1.9)scores; control group: (3.6±1.8), (2.6±1.3), (2.0±1.2), (2.0±0.7)scores vs (4.7± 2. 0) scores ] , and VAS scores in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group ( all P 〈 0. 05). At T2-T5 time points, Ramsay scores were significantly higher than those in TI time point in both groups [observationgroup: (3.3±0.5), (2.7±0.5), (2.7±0.8), (2.6±0.8)scores vs (2.3±0.5)scores; con- trol group: (2. 3 ±0. 5) , (2.0 ±0.3) , (2. 3 ±0. 5) , (2.3 ±0. 8)scores vs (1.6 ±0.5)scores] ; at T1-T4 time points, Ramsay scores in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group( all P 〈 0. 05 ). At T1-T5 time points, MAP and heart rates in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group [MAP: (84±12) mmHgvs (92±13) mmHg, (87±12) mmHgvs (99±12) mmHg, (87±10) mmHg vs (100±12) mmHg, (85±12) mmHgvs (96±13) mmHg, (84±11) mmHgvs (93±14) mmHg; heart rates: ( 80± 5 ) times/rain vs (87± 5 ) times/min, (82 ± 4) times/rain vs (95 ±5 ) times/rain, (85 ±5 ) times/rain vs (95 ±5) times/rain, (83 ±4) times/rain vs (94 ±7) times/rain, (81 ±5) times/rain vs (91 ±4) times/mini (P 〈 0. 05). SpO2 showed no significant differences between groups and among T0-T5 time points ( P 〉 0. 05 ). Postoperative 48 h, PCIA demand times, dosage of sufentanil and incidence of adverse reactions in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group [ (21±6) times vs (26 ±5 ) times, (82 ± 18 ) ml vs (102±21) nd, 6.5% (3/46) vs22.0% (9/41)1(P〈0.05). Conclusion Dexmedetomidine combined with sufentanil is safe and it shows good postoperative analgesia and sedation effect on patients receiving urinary laparoseopic operation.
出处
《中国医药》
2016年第9期1354-1358,共5页
China Medicine