天津市大气PM_(2.5)的时空分布特征和影响因素

Temporal-Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Atmospheric PM_(2.5) in Tianjin

通过对天津市13个自动空气质量监测站的PM_(2.5)数据进行分析,探讨了天津市2014年9月1日—2015年8月31日连续一年的PM_(2.5)的时空分布特征,并选取相关指标,分析了天津市PM_(2.5)污染的主要贡献因子。结果表明,天津市PM_(2.5)浓度呈现出明显的季节变化,PM_(2.5)浓度由高到低的季节依次为冬季、秋季、春季和夏季,平均浓度分别为125μg/m3、85μg/m3、66μg/m3和42μg/m3。从不同地区来看,静海区、红桥区、北辰区的污染较为严重。从全年逐日浓度来看,天津市PM_(2.5)浓度呈现季节性的峰谷分布特征。从来源来看,天津市PM_(2.5)污染贡献主要来源于工业生产、居民生活、火力发电、道路交通以及热力供应等因素,其中工业生产源对天津市PM_(2.5)质量浓度的贡献最大。据此,对天津市大气污染防治提出了相关对策建议。

Based on analyzing the PM2.5 data of 13 automatic air quality monitoring stations in Tianjin, this study explored the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of PM2.5 from September 1 2014 to August 31 2015. According to indicator analysis, the influencing factors of atmospheric PM2.5 in Tianjin were discussed. The results showed that the average concentrations of PM2.5 in different seasons decreased in the order of winter, autumn, spring and summer, which were 125 μg/m^3, 85 μg/m^3, 66 μg/m^3 and 42 μg/m^3, respectively. Regarding to different regions, annual average concentrations of PM2.5 in Jinghai, Hongqiao and Beichen were relatively higher than other regions. For the whole year, daily variation of PM2.5 showed a peak-wavy shaped curve. Regarding to the source of PM2.5 in Tianjin, industrial production, residents living, thermal power generation, road transport and coal-fired heating were the main sources of PM2.5. This paper finally provided some suggestion on air pollution prevention and control in Tianjin.