遗产继承中继承人优先购买权制度之构建

The Construction of the Successors' Preemption Right System in the Inheritance Succession

共同继承中的应继份本质上是潜在的共同共有中的共有份额,继承人可以在继承开始后将其应继份自由转让给其他继承人或第三人。出于维护遗产的整体性、维系继承人亲情寄托和简化共同继承关系的需要,继承人向第三人转让应继份时应赋予其他继承人优先购买权。对此,我国可通过修正一般共有人优先购买权的适用范围或创设新制度的方式对继承人优先购买权予以确认,并赋予其对抗第三人的物权效力。此外,还需要配套完善遗产管理人制度,以确保继承人优先购买权的实现。

The succession portion of coinheritance is the common share of potential joint possession in essence.Successors can freely transfer the succession portion to other successors and the third party after the beginning of inheritance.On account of needs of maintaining integrality of inheritance,maintaining successors＇ family affection bailment and simplifying coinheritance relations,successors should give other successors the preemption right in transferring the succession portion to the third party.Therefore,our country can confirm the successors＇ preemption right through revising the application scope of general co-owners＇ preemption right and establishing the mode of new system and give the property right efficacy to fight against the third party.Besides,our country still needs to match and improve the inheritance custodian system to guarantee realization of the successors＇ preemption right.