农村基本养老保险保障水平及其差异性分析

Analysis on the Level of Basic Pension Insurance and its Difference in Rural Areas

农村基本养老保险保障水平随着制度的渐近正规而有所提高,然而地区之间经济发展水平和财政实力的差距导致各地政策的差异,对农民的养老金水平产生不可避免的影响。本文选取各地政策中与养老保险保障水平相关的几个重要因素——基础养老金、缴费档次和标准、财政缴费补贴和超年限增发额等进行保障水平及其差异性分析。结果显示,无论养老金绝对额还是与各地农民消费水平相关联的相对额,不仅水平低下且差异巨大,补贴标准随意及对农民激励作用有限,影响了制度的有效性和公平性。为此,应建立科学规范的动态调整机制,对基础养老金、多缴多得和长缴多得等补贴政策予以进一步优化。

Security level of rural basic old-age insurance is improved somewhat as system is asymptotically normal. However,gap between regional economic level and financial strength lead to difference in policy,which inevitably affect the standard of peasants' pension. This article selects several factors related to security level: base pension,contribution grade and standard,financial subsidy and the secondary level of beyond a certain fixed number of years,and use them for security level and difference analysis. The analysis results show that both absolute level and relative level tied around the rural consumption level is very low and widely different,subsidy standards is arbitrary and incentive is limited,which affect the effectiveness and fairness. Scientific and standardized adjustment mechanism for base pension and pay more as you contribute more and pay more as you contribute longer should be further optimized.