陕西神木县石峁遗址韩家圪旦地点发掘简报

Preliminary Report on the Excavation of the Hanjiagedan Locus at the Shimiao Site in Shenmu,Shaanxi

韩家圪旦地点位于陕西神木石峁城址内城中部偏东的一处东西向"舌形"山峁,与皇城台隔沟相望,是一处重要的居址与墓葬交错分布区域。2014年陕西省考古院等对其进行发掘,资料表明,韩家圪旦地点先后承担过居址和墓地两种聚落功能。该地点早期为居址,房屋以高低错落的窑洞为主要建筑形式;晚期成为墓地,墓葬形制包括竖穴土坑墓、石棺墓和偏洞室墓,尤以竖穴土坑墓居多。个别墓葬规模较大。虽多遭盗掘,但劫后余留有零星重要随葬品。结合与石峁城址的核心区域——皇城台隔沟相望的特殊地理位置,这些现象暗示着韩家圪旦地点是一处重要的贵族墓地。

The Hanjiagedan locus is located on a small tableland, which is east-west oriented with a tongue shape, in the center of the Shimao site but close to the Eastern section. Overlooking to the Huangchentai, this locus is an important area with both residential and mortuary remains. The archaeological work in 2014 demonstrated that the locus was first used for residence and then as a cemetery. Early phase cultural remains of the locus include house foundations, which are basically cave-dwellings. In the late phase, the locus was changed into a cemetery including shaft-pit tombs, stone-coffin tombs, and catacomb tombs. The first kind of tombs were particularly abundant. Even though several of them are large sized burials, most of these tombs have sporadic remains surviving after the looting activities. In juxtaposing with the function of the key area inside the site of Huangchentai, all these evidence suggests the Hanjiagedan locus is an important elite cemetery.