广西农村小学师资队伍的困局与破解——以玉林市A镇和钦州市B镇为例

The Dilemma and Breakthrough on Teachers' Structure of Rural Primary Schools in Guangxi——Taking A town in Yulin City and B town in Qinzhou City as Example

教育资源的不均衡是教育不公平的主要根源,其中的关键因素之一是教师资源的不均衡。因诸多复杂原因西部农村小学教育成为了当今教育平等关注和改革的深水区。通过调查发现广西农村小学师资队伍困境重重,教师数量总体缺乏且隐性缺编严重,存在性别结构女性化、年龄结构老龄化、职称结构低级化、学历结构多元化、学科结构不平衡化等结构问题。建议改革教师编制制度,扩充农村小学教师数量;采取切实的措施,优化农村小学教师结构,破解制约农村教育发展的困局。

The imbalance of educational resources is the main source of educational unfairness; one of the key factors is the imbalance of teacher resources. Due to many complicated reasons, the western rural primary education has become a deep-water area, which is the focus of education equality and reform. Our survey reveals that Guangxi rural primary schools are confronted with severe teachers＇ structure plight, such as insufficient teachers, the gender structure feminization, aging problem of the age structure, low professional tide, the diversified educational level structure, and the imbalanced disciplinary structure and so on. To solve the dilemma, suggestions are proposed： reform the currently teacher position management system and expand the number of rural primary schools teachers; take practical measures to optimize the structure of rural primary school teachers.