转化生长因子β信号与肌肉调控

Transforming growth factor-beta and muscle regulation

背景:转化生长因子β信号通路广泛存在于细胞中,它的激活介导了生长、增殖、分化、迁移和凋亡。在肌肉中,该通路能够调控肌肉质量、功能,其激活往往致使肌肉萎缩。抑制该通路对一些肌肉萎缩类疾病有益,也有研究表明,转化生长因子β信号抑制造成了肌肉恢复的异常,起到负面效果。目的:总结并分析转化生长因子β信号通路在肌肉质量和功能调控方面的新拓展和认识,为肌肉萎缩类疾病问题的解决提供理论依据。方法:以"TGFβ,muscle,regulation mecahnism,therapy"为英文检索词;"转化生长因子β,肌肉,调控机制,治疗"为中文检索词,检索2005至2015年PubM ed数据库和万方数据库相关文献,共检索到文献102篇,按照纳入和排除标准进行筛选,对纳入的22篇进行系统整理、总结和分析。结果与结论:转化生长因子β信号激活是多数肌肉类疾病的共同原因。该信号激活使得卫星细胞激活、生肌分化、肌母细胞融合、肌肉特异性蛋白表达,促进胶原蛋白合成收到抑制,而促进了肌母细胞纤维化、瘢痕生成。杜氏肌肉营养不良、脊柱侧弯、1型糖尿病诱发的肌肉再生受损、心肌重塑、心脏重塑都与转化生长因子β信号相关。抑制转化生长因子β可能会致使损伤的肌肉无法彻底恢复正常状态。

BACKGROUND： Transforming growth factor-β signaling widely existing in cells mediates cell growth, proliferation, migration, differentiation, and apoptosis. The activation of transforming growth factor-β signaling can result in muscular dystrophy. However, there have been some contradictions regarding the effects of the transforming growth factor-β signaling on muscular dystrophy. OBJECTIVE： To summarize the latest progress in the effects of the transforming growth factor-β signaling on muscle mass and function regulation to provide the solutions for the treatment of muscular dystrophy. METHODS： A computer-based online search was conducted in PubMed and Wanfang databases from 2005 to 2015 to screen the relevant literatures using Chinese and English key words ＂transforming growth factor-β, muscle, regulation mechanism, treatment＂. A total of 102 literatures were retrieved, and 22 eligible literatures were included, summarized, and analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： The activation of transforming growth factor-β signaling as a common cause of most muscle disorders promotes the activation of muscle satellite cells, differentiation of myocytes, myoblast infusion, the expression of muscle-specific proteins, and the inhibition of collagen synthesis, which facilitates muscular fibrosis and scar formation. Transforming growth factor-β signaling is involved in Duchenne muscular dystrophy, spinal scoliosis, type I diabetes induced skeletal muscle regenerative disorders, myocardial and cardiac remodeling. The inhibition of transforming growth factor-β signaling may result in incomplete muscle recovery.