不同医学专业大学生对精神疾病的态度调查

An investigation on the attitudes of different medical majors college students towards mental disorders

目的了解医学院不同医学专业大学生对精神疾病的态度。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法,运用《精神病态度调查问卷》对某医学院700名不同专业的大学生进行调查分析,采用SPSS 17.0软件进行统计,不同专业大学生对精神疾病的态度的比较采用单因素方差分析和SNK-q检验。结果 (1)精神卫生、临床、医学检验、公共卫生和口腔5个医学专业的大学生《精神病态度调查问卷》总分比较,在对精神疾病的态度总分(F=8.784,P<0.01)、精神病患者的暴力和攻击行为(F=6.768,P<0.01)、精神病的治疗希望(F=2.784,P<0.05)、患者的社会价值(F=4.147,P<0.01)、回避精神病患者的问题(F=2.624,P<0.05)和对精神病患者的限制(F=8.582,P<0.01)等方面差异存在统计学意义,而在精神病的病因(F=0.368,P>0.05)、对精神病患者的包容程度(F=2.265,P>0.05)方面差异无统计学意义。(2)精神卫生专业低年级和高年级大学生对精神疾病的态度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(3)来自城镇和农村的大学生《精神病态度调查问卷》的总分差异存在统计学意义(74.68±5.46 vs.76.42±5.58,t=5.264,P<0.01)。结论 (1)医学院不同医学专业大学生对精神疾病的态度差异巨大。精神卫生专业、临床专业、公共卫生专业大学生对精神疾病的态度相对积极和包容。(2)精神卫生专业低年级与高年级学生对精神疾病的态度无显著差异。(3)来自农村的医学生对精神疾病的态度更积极和包容。

Objective To explore the attitudes towards mental disorders of the college students from different medical majors. Methods Using stratified random sampling method, 700 college students from different medical majors were investigated with the mental illness attitude questionnaire（MIAQ）. SPSS 17.0 software was used to analyze the data. One-Way ANOVA and SNK-q test were used to compare the attitudes towards mental illness of different majors students. Results （ 1 ） There were significant differences between five majors such as mental health, clinical major, medical examination, public health and stomatology in attitudes toward mental illness （ F = 8. 784, P 〈 0.01 ）, violence and aggressive behavior of the patients suffering from mental disorders（ F = 6. 768, P 〈 0. 01 ） , hope for the treatment of mental illness （F = 2. 784, P 〈 O. 05 ）, the social value of the patients of mental disorders （F = 4. 147, P 〈 0.01 ）, avoiding the questions of patients of mental disorders （ F = 2. 624, P 〈 0.05 ） , restrictions on patients of mental disorders （ F = 8. 582, P 〈 0. 01 ）. There were no significant differences between five majors in the etiology of mental disorders （ F = 0. 368, P 〉 0. 05 ） and the inclusion for the patients of mental disorders （ F = 2. 265, P 〉 0. 05 ）. （2） There were no significant differences between low grade group and high grade group in attitudes toward mental illness （P 〉 0. 05 ）. （3）There were significant differences in the total scores of MIAQ between urban and rural college students（74. 68 ±5.46 vs. 76.42 ±5.58,t =5.264,P 〈0.01）. Conclusion （l）There are significant differences in the attitudes toward mental disorders between different medical majors college students. The college students of mental health major, clinical major and public health major have more positive and inclusive attitude towards mental disorders. （2）There are no significant differences between low grade group and high grade group of mental health major college students in attitudes toward mental illness. （3） The rural college students have more positive and inclusive attitude towards mental disorders than urban college students.