颅脑术后颅内感染的危险因素分析及护理措施探讨

Analysis of the Risk Factors of Intracranial Infection after Craniocerebral Operation and Discussion on Nursing Measures

目的:探究颅脑术后颅内感染的危险因素及相关护理措施。方法:选取2013年3月-2015年6月本院收治的208例手术治疗的颅脑损伤患者,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析,分析相关危险因素并提出针对性护理措施。结果:颅脑术后颅内感染发生率为18.3%(38/208),单因素分析结果显示,术前GCS评分、手术类型、手术部位、手术时间、脑脊液漏、脑室外引流、切开气管、术后白蛋白以及使用激素与颅内感染相关(P<0.05);多因素回归分析发现,脑脊液漏、脑室外引流、手术时间≥2 h、后颅凹手术是颅脑术后颅内感染的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:脑脊液漏、手术时间、手术部位和脑室外引流是引发颅脑术后颅内感染的主要危险因素,在手术前后加强护理干预,术中严格执行无菌操作,可有效预防该类并发症的发生。

Objective：To investigate the risk factors of intracranial infection after craniocerebral operation and related nursing measures.Method：A total of 208 patients with craniocerebral injury treated by surgery from March 2013 to June 2015 wereselected,the clinical date were analyzed retrospectively and analyze related risk factors,then propose specific care measures.Result：The incidence of intracranial infection after craniocerebral operation was 18.3%（38/208）,single factor analysis showed that preoperative GCS score,surgery type,surgery site,surgery time,cerebrospinal fluid leakage,ventricular drainage,tracheotomy,postoperative albumin and the use of hormones were associated with intracranial infection（P〈0.05）. Multi factor regression analysis found that cerebrospinal fluid leakage,ventricular drainage,surgery time ≥ 2 h,posterior fossa surgery were independent risk factors for intracranial brain infection（P〈0.05）. Conclusion：The cerebrospinal fluid leakage, surgery time, surgery site and ventricular drainage are the main risk factors for intracranial infection after craniocerebral operation,strengthening nursing intervention before and after surgery and strict aseptic surgery can effectively prevent the occurrence of such complications.