葡萄糖改性水性聚氨酯及其生物降解行为研究

Studies on Properties and Biodegradation Behavior of Waterborne Polyurethane Modified by Glucose

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、聚环氧丙烷二醇(N210)作为主原料,葡萄糖(PG)作为交联剂制备了水性聚氨酯。对样品乳液进行平均粒径和稳定性测试,对胶膜进行了硬度、力学性能、耐水性以及热稳定性表征;采用土埋法对胶膜进行降解试验,并对降解后的样品进行表征。结果表明:葡萄糖的加入可以明显提高水性聚氨酯的力学性能,当PG含量为2.5%时,胶膜的拉伸强度达到40 MPa,邵A硬度达到78;葡萄糖的加入明显提高了聚氨酯胶膜生物降解速率,120 d内胶膜的力学性能几乎完全损失,样品破碎粉化。研究表明:葡萄糖作为交联剂既可以提高水性聚氨酯胶膜的性能,也可以促进聚氨酯在环境中自然降解。

A waterborne polyurethane was and poly （ propylene oxide glycol ） （ N210 ） prepared from isophorone diisocyanate （IPDI） as the main raw materials and the glucose as crosslinking agent. The average particle size and stability of the prepared emulsions were tested, meanwhile, the hardness, mechanical properties, water resistance and thermal stability of the films thereof were characterized. The method of soil buried was used to carry out the film degra- dation experiment. The film after biodegradation test was also characterized. The results showed that the addition of glucose could significantly improve the mechanical properties of waterborne polyurethane. When PG content was 2. 5%, the tensile strength of the film reached 40 MPa, and Shore A of the film was 78. In addition, the addition of glucose significantly improved the bio- degradation rate of the polyurethane film. The mechanical properties of the films were almost completely lost through 120-day soil bury test and the samples were broken and chalked. Glucose as a crosslinking agent could improve the performance of the waterborne polyurethane film and also enabled polyurethane to accelerate natural degradation in the environment.