城郊型风景名胜区旅游交通治堵PMSI模式及实践应用——以雁荡山—楠溪江国家风景名胜区为例

Construction and practical application of PMSI model for tourist traffic congestion in suburban scenic area:A case study of Yandangshan-Nanxijiang National Scenic Area

旅游交通拥堵问题是中国旅游业发展面临的重大问题。近年来,随着旅游业快速发展,大量游客和自驾车涌入风景名胜区,尤其是城郊型风景名胜区,导致旅游交通与通勤交通、过境交通交织混杂,旅游旺季人满车满为患,交通拥堵不断升级,景区大面积瘫痪等严峻问题。旅游交通拥堵已成为城郊型风景名胜区发展的瓶颈因素并严重地影响到景区的可持续发展。立足于城郊型风景名胜区旅游交通特征和问题分析,基于TDM理论,提出解决城郊型风景名胜区旅游交通拥堵问题的PMSI模式,统筹协调,多管齐下地解决旅游交通拥堵难题。这一模式在雁楠景区进行了实践应用。研究表明,PMSI模式不仅适用于城郊型风景名胜区,也可以在一般景区推广应用,具有重要的理论与实践价值和意义。

Suburban scenic area is a kind of scenic spots which is near to the city. Due to various factors such as history, population, social and economic development, suburban scenic area is numerous and is an important type of scenic spots in China. Owing to its geographical advantage, many people who live in the city and who want to have a short distance tour on weekends or in short holidays would prefer to travel to suburban scenic areas. Also, it is a favorite tourist destination for those self-driving tourists.In recent years, with the rapid development of tourism, especially the appearance of self- drive tourists, a large number of visitors and vehicles get into the suburban scenic area,which aggravates the mixed hybrid of tourist traffic, commuting traffic, and transit traffic,resulting in the issue of full people and full vehicles in tourism peak, and resulting in paralyzed traffic in the scenic area. The rising traffic congestion problem has become a bottleneck and a serious restricts for the sustainable development of suburban scenic areas.Because of the large proportion of suburban scenic areas in China, its great contribution and influence for Chinese tourism development, while the tourist traffic congestion has become a key issue restricting the development of the tourism scenic area, so there is an urgent need to make a deep thinking in theory and make a powerful exploration in practice to work out traffic congestion in suburban scenic areas, which is of great theoretical and practical significance to China＇s sustainable development of tourism and tourism scenic spots. At present, some scholars engaging in their practical work have put forward a model or a program to solve the tourist traffic congestion in suburban scenic areas. But there is still a lack of solution from a comprehensive and balanced perspective to solve traffic congestion in tourism scenic areas. In accordance with the characteristics and problems of tourist traffic in suburban scenic areas, based on the TDM theory of city traffic congestion solutions, this paper put forward a solution called ＂Plan-Manage-Service-Incentive＂, namely PMSI, to solve tourist traffic congestion. This model was applied to solve tourist traffic congestion in Wenzhou Yandangshan-Nanxijiang national scenic area and achieved a good result.