马克思的社会时间理论及其当代启示

Marx's Theory of Social Time and Its Contemporary Enlightenment

时间是马克思社会发展理论的重要范畴之一。在批判旧唯物主义和唯心主义时间观的基础上,马克思以人的实践活动为出发点,将时间理解为与人的生存发展、价值意义密切相关的社会时间。马克思的社会时间理论主要是在对资本主义的批判中展现的,包括对"物化劳动时间"的批判与"自由时间"的揭示两重维度。透过这两方面,马克思向我们展示了资本主义社会中人的生存发展与时间的内在关联,并为实现人的自由个性提供了时间维度的确证。当下,理解马克思的社会时间理论,必须以主体性逻辑取代客体性逻辑、以生成性逻辑取代既定逻辑、以意义逻辑取代虚无逻辑,从而做到享受劳动时间、创造自由时间,并有效节约与合理利用自由时间。

Time is one of the important categories criticizing the time concept of old materialism and the time to be social time which related to human＇s of social time is mainly displayed in the critique Labor Time＂ and the revelation of ＂Free Time＂. relationship between time and human＇s existence of Marx＇s theory of social development. On the basis of idealism, Marx starts from human＇s practice, expounding existence, development and value closely. Marx＇s theory of capitalism, including the criticism of ＂Materialized Through these two aspects, Marx shows us the inner and development in the capitalist society, provides the confirmation for the realization of human＇s free individuality in time dimension. Currently, to understand Marx＇s theory of social time, we must take the subjective logic instead of the objective logic, take the generative logic instead of the established logic, take the meaning logic instead of the nihility logic, thus enjoying working hours, creating free time, and using free time reasonably.