玄武岩纤维吸声复合材料的制备及性能研究

Preparation of sound absorption basalt fiber composite material and its properties

以玄武岩纤维为增强材料,以EVA粉末为基体材料,通过热压黏合法制备玄武岩纤维吸声复合材料。通过正交实验分析,得出制备玄武岩纤维吸声复合材料的最优工艺条件为：玄武岩纤维长度10 mm,玄武岩纤维质量分数50%,吸声复合材料厚度10 mm,热压时间15 min,热压压力6 MPa。在最优工艺条件下,玄武岩纤维吸声复合材料在声源频率为500 Hz以下时,吸声系数小于0.3,吸声性能较差;当声源频率在500-2 000 Hz时,最大吸声系数可达0.8,吸声性能优异;当声源频率大于2 000 Hz时,吸声系数的变化趋于平缓,表现出更加优异的吸声性能。

Sound absorption basalt fiber composite material is prepared by thermal-press bonding method using basalt fiber as areinforcing material and EVA as a matrix material. By orthogonal experiments, the optimum conditions for sound absorption basalt fibercomposite material are the length of basalt fiber is 10 mm, the mass fraction is 50%, the thickness of sound-absorbing composite material is10 mm, and hot pressing at 6MPa for 15 min. The sound absorption basalt fiber composite material with the optimum process features a poorsound absorption performance below 500 Hz with absorption coefficient less than 0.3, excellent sound absorption performance at 500-2 000 Hzwith the maximum absorption coefficient up to 0.8, and an outstanding sound absorption performance when sound source frequency is higherthan 2 000 Hz with stable sound absorption coefficient.