古代奥运会橄榄冠的宗教象征意义——以橄榄崇拜为中心

Religious Symbolism of Olive Crown in Ancient Olympic Games

橄榄在古希腊人的生产生活中有着重要意义,后经神话建构,与宙斯等奥林帕斯主神建立关联,成为主神的象征,并被赋予了神圣的宗教意义。纪念神王宙斯神的古代奥运会,以橄榄冠作为优胜者唯一的奖励,既彰显了橄榄的神圣象征意义,又在很大程度上强化了这一宗教特性,对形成共同的宗教崇拜产生了重要的影响。橄榄冠象征着神的庇佑,对古希腊人而言,获得奥运会橄榄冠是至高无上的荣耀。在古代奥运会赛场赢得橄榄冠的优胜者将受到古希腊人英雄般的礼遇,奥运会橄榄冠俨然就是英雄的象征。

The olive is important in the daily life of the ancient Greeks and has become the symbol of God with sacred religious significance after involving in myths and Zeus. In the ancient Olympic Games in memory of Zeus, the olive crown was the prize for the champions, which embodied the sacred symbolic significance of olive and strengthened the religious features of olive, thus exerting great influence on the common religious worship. The olive crown represents the God＇s blessing and it is the great honor for the ancient Greeks to get the olive crown in the Olympic Games. The winners of the olive crowns in the ancient Olympic Games would be treated like heroes in the ancient Greece and the olive crown of the Olympic Games was the symbol of hero.