也谈近世日本武士的生死观——以《叶隐》为中心

The view of life and death of the early modern times Japanese samurai: A case of Hagakure

《叶隐》是日本近世武士道思想的代表作之一。作为承袭战国时代传统武士道思想的名著,其在很多方面与江户时代著名儒学家、兵家山鹿素行所提出的"士道"思想大相径庭。虽然在江户时代未能公开出版,但通过手抄、口传等方式,一直得以传播和延续。尤其是在昭和前期由于军国主义者的大肆宣扬,使其具有强烈传统色彩的主从关系认识和生死观等思想,对当时的日本军民产生过极大的影响。通过对《叶隐》的研究可以使我们透过包裹在武士道表面的儒家思想,接触到其生死观等核心意识,为深入了解日本传统思想文化提供更多的线索。

Hagakure is a masterpiece of the early modern times Bushido. As a representative work of traditional Bushido which is inherited from Sengoku period,it is obviously different from YAMAGA Soko＇s Shido in many ways. Although not being published in Edo period,its traditional understanding of homage and view of life and death still has great influence on later Japanese. The study of Hagakure can help us to recognize Bushido＇s spirit more clearly and correctly almost without interference by Confucianism.