北京油鸡脂肪沉积对母鸡性发育和性成熟的影响

Effect of Fat Deposition on Sexual Development and Sexual Maturity of Female Beijing-You Chicken

试验旨在研究北京油鸡脂肪沉积对其性发育和性成熟的影响。以北京油鸡为研究材料,分别在育成期(15周龄)和开产期(25周龄)开展屠宰试验,测定脂肪沉积及性发育和性成熟指标,进行性状间的相关分析。结果:15周龄北京油鸡(n=90)腹脂重与卵巢重和卵巢指数呈中等正相关,相关系数分别为0.35(P<0.01)和0.25(P=0.02),体重与腹脂重、卵巢重和卵巢指数的相关系数分别为0.42(P<0.01)、0.52(P<0.01)和0.21(P=0.05),表明育成期性腺发育一定程度上受体重和脂肪沉积的影响;25周龄北京油鸡(n=48)的腹脂重与卵巢重、卵巢指数和输卵管重均呈中等程度负相关,相关系数分别为-0.30(P=0.04)、-0.39(P=0.01)和-0.30(P=0.05)。低腹脂率组与高腹脂率组的平均体重没有差异(P=0.35),但低腹脂率组的开产率比高腹脂率组高28%,提示低腹脂率组开产一致性较好,腹脂沉积过量导致北京油鸡性成熟和开产延迟。

This trial was conducted to investigating the effect of fat deposition on the sexual development and sex- ual maturity of Beijing-You Chicken. In the present study,the fat deposition and sexual development of Beijing-You chicken were measured to analyze the relationship between them at 15 weeks of age and 25 weeks of age. The results showed that the the correlation coefficients between abdominal fat and ovary weight and ovary index were 0.35 （P〈 0.01） and 0.25 （P=0.02）,respectively. The correlation coefficients between body weight and abdominal fat and ovary weight and ovary index were 0.42 （P〈0.01）、0.52 （P〈0.01）and 0.21 （P=0.02）,respectively. These indicated that the sexual development was influenced by body weight and fat deposition. The abdominal fat weight was negatively correlatedwith the ovary weight （r=-0.30,P=0.04）, ovary index （r=-0.39,P=0.01） and oviduct weight （r=-O.30,P=0.05） at 25 weeks of age. The high abdominal fat birds did not show significantly high body weight than low-abdominal-fat birds （P=0.35）. The percentage of birds starting laying in the low fat yield group was 28% higher than that in the high group. It＇s indicated the extra fat deposition might result in the delay of sexual maturity and the start of laying.