涪陵城区妇女宫颈癌认知状况调查

Investigation on recognition situation of Fuling urban women on cervical cancer

目的了解涪陵城区妇女对宫颈癌知识的知晓情况,为探索健康宣教新模式提供依据。方法选取重庆市涪陵城区2013年8~12月自愿行宫颈癌筛查的1 600例妇女作为研究对象,采取重庆市统一的＂宫颈癌知识调查问卷＂及＂宫颈癌检查个案登记表＂进行现场一对一问卷调查。结果 1 600例妇女对宫颈癌知识的单项知晓率总体不高,为50%~60%;随着知晓项数的增加,其知晓率呈下降趋势。≥9项的知晓率（26.88%）明显低于大于或等于1项（100.00%）、≥3项（98.25%）、≥5项（88.44%）及大于或等于7项（66.38%）的知晓率,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。小学及以下文化程度妇女对宫颈癌知识知晓5项及以上与9项及以上的知晓率与其他文化程度妇女比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;初中文化程度妇女对宫颈癌知识知晓5项及以上与9项及以上的知晓率低于高中和大专及以上文化程度妇女,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。≥60岁与20~〈40岁妇女的5项及以上知晓率与9项及以上知晓率比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论涪陵城区妇女对宫颈癌筛查意识及相关知识认知不足,相关部门应采取多种渠道做好低文化层次及年轻妇女的宣教及动员工作,努力降低宫颈癌的发病率及死亡率。

Objective To understand the cognitive situation of Fuling urban women on cervical cancer to provide a basis for exploring the new models of health education. Methods A total of 1 600 women voluntarily conducting cervical cancer screening in Fuling urban area from August to December 2013 were selected as the research subjects. The Chongqing Municipality Unified Cervical Cancer Knowledge Questionnaire and the Individual Case Registration of Cervical Cancer Examination were adopted to conduct one-on-one questionnaire investigation on site. Results Among 1 600 investigated women,the awareness rate of single item of cervical cancer knowledge was not high（50%~60%）;with the awareness items increase,the awareness rate showed the decreasing trend. The awareness rate of ≥9 items was 26.88%,which was significantly lower than 100.00% of ≥1 item,98.25% of≥3 items,88.44% of ≥5 items and 66.38% of ≥7 items,the differences were statistically significant（P〈0.01）;the awareness rates of5 cervical cancer items or more and 9 cervical cancer items or more had statistical differences between women with primary school cultural level or below and women with other cultural levels（P〈0.05）,the awareness rates of 5 cervical cancer items or more and 9 cervical cancer items had statistical differences between women with junior middle school level and women with the senior middle school and college educational level or above（P〈0.01）. The awareness rates of 5 cervical cancer items or more and 9 cervical cancer items or more had statistical differences between women aged ≥60 years old and women aged 20~40 years old,the differences were statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The awareness of cervical cancer screening and its related knowledge are insufficient among women in Fuling urban area. The related departments should adopt various channels to accomplish the pro-paganda,education and mobilization works to reduce the occurrence rate and mortality of cervical cancer in young women and wom-en with low cultural level.