2010～2014年重庆市北碚区突发公共卫生事件分析

Analysis of sudden public health events in Beibei District of Chonqing City during 2010-2014

目的了解重庆市北碚区2010~2014年突发公共卫生事件的流行病学特点,制订相应的预防控制策略。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对北碚区2010~2014年突发公共卫生事件的网络直报数据进行统计分析。结果 2010~2014年北碚区共报告突发公共卫生事件43起,发病1 722例,死亡2例,以传染病突发公共卫生事件为主,占95.35%（41/43）;事件发生呈双峰分布,2个高峰分别出现在5月和12月,发生事件数均占全年事件总数的20.93%（9/43）;北碚区突发公共卫生事件主要集中在学校,尤其是农村小学,占学校突发事件总数的48.28%（14/29）;突发公共卫生事件的发生到疫情结束时间为0~125 d,平均46 d。结论学校尤其农村学校对于控制和管理全区的突发公共卫生事件至关重要,必须落实学校突发公共卫生事件防控的各项措施。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of sudden public health events in Beibei Districts during 2010-2014 for formulating the corresponding prevention and control strategies. Methods The descriptive epidemiological method was adopted to perform the statistical analysis on the network directly reported data of sudden public health events in Beibei Districts from 2010 to 2014. Results A total of 43 sudden public health events were reported in Beibei Districts during 2010-2014,including 1 722 cases of disease onset and 2 cases of death,which were mainly sudden public health events of infectious diseases,accounting for 95.35%（41/43）;the event occurrence showed the bimodal distribution,the two peaks were respectively appeared in May and October,the number of occurred events accounted for 20.93%（9/43） of the annual events total number. The sudden public health events were mainly concentrated at schools,especially at rural primary schools,which accounted for 48.28%（14/29）of school sudden events total number; the time of sudden public health event onset to the end of epidemic situation was 0-125 d,averaged 46 d. Conclusion The schools especially rural schools are very important for the control and management of sudden public health events in the whole district. The various measures of prevention and control of school sudden public health events must be implemented.