微生物-矿物间半导体介导电子传递机制研究进展

Advances in the Semiconductor-Mediated Electron Transfer Mechanism at Microbe-Mineral Interface

矿物与微生物相互作用是地球表层系统中重要的生物地球化学过程,是联系不同圈层物质与能量交换的重要纽带,深刻地影响着一系列重要的地表过程,包括次生矿物的形成与演化、养分循环与污染物环境行为。在微生物—矿物的研究中,以往主要关注微生物的胞外电子传递和微生物介导的矿物溶解、沉淀、矿化等过程。由于矿物本身具有半导体性质,其在微生物胞外电子传递过程中扮演特殊的角色,这也为近期备受关注的微生物—矿物相互作用研究提供了一个崭新的视角。半导体矿物具有独特的能级结构和氧化还原性质,导致微生物—半导体矿物的相互作用机制差别很大。从热力学驱动和光能驱动2个方面分别阐述微生物—矿物间半导体导电机制的最新研究进展,并深入揭示其界面电子转移的机理。最后展望了微生物—半导体矿物相互作用的未来发展趋势。

The interaction between minerals and microbes is an important biogeochemical process in the earth surface system, which links the transformation of substances and energy exchange in different earth spheres, and also affects a series of important earth surface processes, including the formation and evolution of secondary minerals, nutrient cycling and environmental behaviors of pollutants. The previous studies on microbe-mineral interaction focused on the extracellular electron transfer, and the microbe-mediated dissolution, precipitation, mineralization of minerals. Because of semiconductor properties of the mineral, it plays a special role in the process of microbial ex- tracellular electron transfer, which can also help to understand the mutual interaction between microbe and mineral from a new angle of view. The unique energy level structures and redox properties of semiconducting mineral lead to a great difference in the mechanism of microbe and mineral interaction. The latest research progresses in the mech- anism of microbe-mineral interaction mediated by semieondueting mineral were reviewed from two aspects： driven by thermodynamics and light energy. Finally, the future development trends of the interaction between microbes and semiconductor minerals were prospected.