苦荞品种(系)聚类分析

Cluster Analysis of Fagopyrum tataricum Varieties(lines)

为了直观地揭示苦荞品种(系)间的遗传差异和类群农艺性状特点,并发掘其中的良好资源,避免杂交育种过程中选配亲本的盲目性。对来自全国11个荞麦育种单位的45个苦荞品种(系)的6个主要农艺性状,进行主成分和聚类分析。结果表明:应用主成分分析将6个性状简化为3个主成分,其累计贡献率为83%。采用聚类分析,将45个苦荞品种(系)在2.76水平上聚为4大类:髙秆、中产、小粒型;中秆、高产、大粒型;中秆、低产、小粒型和髙秆、中产、中粒型。其中第2类综合性状表现较好,是良好的品种或良好的育种材料。苦荞品种(系)间遗传差异与原产地和地理距离无任何必然的联系,杂交育种选配亲本时,除考虑性状互补、地理距离等因素外,还应考虑其遗传差异(不同类群)。

In order to reveal genetic differences and group characteristics among Fagopyrum tataricum varieties（lines） intuitively,and to further explore good resources and avoid the blindness of parent selection inbreeding,six primary agronomic characters of 45 F.tartaricum varieties（lines） that came from the elevenbuckwheat breeding departments all over the country were analyzed with principal component analysis andcluster analysis.The results showed that the application of principal component analysis simplified sixagronomic characters into three principal components,the cumulative contribution rate reached 83%.By usingcluster analysis,45 F.tartaricum varieties（lines） were classified into four types at the 2.76 level：high stalk,medium yield and small grains type,medium stalk,high yield and big grains type,medium stalk,low yield andsmall grains type,high stalk,medium yield and medium grains type,respectively.Among the four types,comprehensive traits of the second type were better than those of other types.It could be considered as the goodvarieties（breeding materials）.The genetic differences of F.tartaricum varieties had no necessary link withorigin and geographical distance.In addition to complementary traits and the geographical distance,geneticdifferences（different groups） should be taken into consideration when the parents were selected in crossbreeding.