马克思艺术生产论视野中的科学技术与文学艺术

On the Relationship between Science Technology and Literature Art in the View of Marx's Artistic Production Theory

针对当今中国文艺学界盛行的质疑、否定甚至批判科学技术的思潮,笔者认为应该回到马克思的艺术生产理论中去,在这一理论的基本框架下探讨科学技术与文学艺术的关系。这一视角可以将我们引导到对物质生产和艺术生产辩证关系的深入探讨中,这一辩证关系是探讨现代科技与文学艺术关系的前提和基础。这一视角也有利于我们把科学技术以及它们在艺术生产中的具体体现技术、技巧、手段、方法等凸显出来,使科学技术与文学艺术的关系得到充分的关注。通过这样的探讨,我们得出马克思对现代科技与文学艺术关系的较为辩证的看法:现代科技和文学艺术可能在局部上、短期内、表面上存在着差异、矛盾和冲突,但是在长远上、整体上、根本上具有内在一致性,存在着统一、和谐、共生的一面,而且这在文学艺术的整个历史发展过程中处于主导地位。相应地,现代科技也对文学艺术主要地起着积极的推动作用。对此我们应该充分肯定并且推动这一作用的充分发挥,以实现当今中国文学艺术的健康发展。

Aiming at the prevailing trends of questioning,denying and criticizing science and technology in today's Chinese literary circle,this paper argues that it is necessary to return to Marx's artistic production theory to explore the relationship between science and technology and literature and art under the basic framework of this theory. On the one hand,this perspective can lead to in- depth discussion about the dialectical relationship between material production and artistic production,which is the premise and foundation of the relationship between modern science and technology and literature and art. On the other hand,this angle also helps highlight science and technology as well as its specific embodiments of technologies,techniques,means and methods in artistic production,thus attracting abundant attention and discussion about the relationship between science and technology and literature and art. Through the discussion,Marx's dialectical view of the relationship between modern science and technology and literature and art is reached— partly and superficially,there are differences,contradictions and conflicts in the short term,but in the long run,there essentially exist intrinsic consistency and agreed,harmonious and symbiotic side on the whole,while the latter plays a dominant part in the entire historical development process of literature and art. Accordingly,modern science and technology also mainly plays a positive role in promoting literature and art,which should be fully recognized and promoted in order to achieve the sound development of Chinese literature and art.