干旱锻炼对番茄花后渍水产量及品质的影响

Effect of pre-anthesis drought on fruit yield and quality of post-anthesis waterlogged tomato

为了挖掘作物自身的抗渍能力,探索支持南方渍水下番茄生产的途径,在避雨栽培条件下,研究了花前干旱预处理对花后渍水逆境下番茄形态特征、品质和产量的影响.结果表明:番茄苗期正常供水,花后渍水胁迫可显著抑制作物的生长,使产量和品质指标下降;与无干旱锻炼相比,花前干旱预处理可促进作物根系生长,提高果实可溶性糖、可溶性固体物、有机酸、维生素C等品质指标含量;3种花前干旱预处理中,采用对照60%花前干旱预处理的果实产量最高;作物根重、根冠比、可溶性糖、可溶性固体物、有机酸、维生素C和果实密度随花前干旱程度增大而增大,而地上干物质、总干物质重和单果重量则随干旱程度增大而减小;通过主成分分析发现,采用对照50%花前干旱预处理的果实品质综合评价值最大.

In order to extend the waterlogging resistance of crops themselves and seek the approaches for supporting tomato production under waterlogging condition in South China,the effects of pre-anthesis drought on morphological characteristics,quality and yield of post-anthesis waterlogged tomatoes are investigated under rain-shelter cultivation condition. The results show that the post-anthesis waterlogging stress can significantly restrain the crop growth and decrease the yield as well as deteriorate the quality of tomato with normal water supply at the seedling stage. Compared with the normal treatment without drought stress,the pre-anthesis drought hardening can improve the growth and development of the root systems and enrich the contents of soluble sugar,soluble solids,organic acid and vitamin C.Among the three pre-anthesis drought hardening cases,the highest yield is achieved in T4 treatment.Further,the root mass,root-shoot ratio,fruit density and the content of soluble sugar,soluble solid,organic acid and vitamin C in tomatoes are increased,but the above ground and total dry matter mass and single fruit mass are decreased with decreasing irrigation at the seeding stage. Through a principal component analysis,it is found that treatment T5 is with the best comprehensive evaluation score on the quality.