人类活动对区域地下水水位影响分析

Analysis of effect of human activities on regional groundwater level

为量化表示抽象的人类活动对地下水水位影响程度,以黑龙江省农垦牡丹江管理局下辖各农场为研究区域,选取机井数量、农作物播种面积、地下水灌溉面积等9个因子作为人类活动影响地下水水位的评价指标,采用逼近于理想解的排序法(TOPSIS法)建立影响程度评价模型,量化分析了牡丹江管理局下辖各农场2000—2013年人类活动对地下水水位影响程度时空变化特征.研究结果表明:八五五、八五一〇、八五一一、兴凯湖、海林和宁安农场人类活动对地下水水位多年平均影响程度最弱;八五七和云山农场影响程度适中;庆丰和八五八农场影响程度较高;八五〇、八五四、八五六农场影响程度最为严重.空间上大体呈现由东北向西南方向逐步减弱趋势;时间上大体呈现2000—2003年影响程度逐渐增强,2004—2013年影响程度逐渐减弱趋势.

To study the effect of human activities on underground water level,taking Heilongjiang Land Reclamation Mudanjiang Administration as an example,the number of wells,crops area,groundwater irrigation area and other nine factors were chosen,as the evaluation indicators of the effect of human activities on underground water level,and the technique for ordering preference by similarity to ideal solution（ TOPSIS） was used to establish the effect degree evaluation model for quantitative analysis of the influence of human activities on the groundwater level of each farm,which is under Mudan-jiang Administration,from the year 2000 to 2013. The results show that the effect of human activities on the groundwater level of farm 855,8510,8511,Xingkai Lake,Hailin and Ning＇an is minimum; that of farm 857 and Yunshan is moderate; that of farm Qingfeng and 858 is a little higher,and that of farm850,854 and 856 is maximum. The results reveal the temporal and spatial differences of the human activities effect on the regional groundwater level from 2000 to 2013. In space,the effect is gradually weakened from northeast to southwest; temporally,the effect is generally enhanced from 2000 to 2003,and is gradually weakened from 2004 to 2013.