生物质连续式分段热解炭化设备研究

Equipment for Biomass Continuous Grading Pyrolysis

针对目前连续式炭化设备的热解温度场难以梯级调控,不能满足多种热解温度工艺试验要求,采用分段式加热技术,设计了5段独立热解炭化炉,并结合连续式输送原理,集成生物炭循环水冷技术、热解气二次催化裂解技术和油气二级冷凝分离技术等,研发了连续式分段热解炭化设备。以粉碎的玉米秸秆为原料开展了热解炭化试验,结果表明,本炭化设备实现了连续炭化和分段加热,当5段炉温设为550℃、600℃、600℃、600℃、550℃时,生物炭得率29.97%,低位热值26.21 MJ/kg,固定碳含量55.63%,热解后的油气能较好地实现分离,达到了设计要求,实现了生物质的分段控温加热和连续热解。

The five pyrolyzing furnaces which adopted grading heating technology was developed to solve the problem of bad control of temperature in the process of biomass pyrolysis. Combining with continuous conveying principle,circulating water cooling technology,secondary cracking technology of pyrolysis gas,secondary condensing collection of bio-oil and biogas,the equipment for biomass continuous grading pyrolysis was developed. Each furnace was heated by a 3 k W electric wire with PID control allowing a wide range of heating rates and a maximum temperature of 700℃. Pyrolysis test which used the crushing corn straw was completed after the pellet equipment was made,results showed that the equipment worked well and the feed throughput can be up to 12 kg / h,the yield of carbon was 29. 97%,the low calorific value was 26. 21 MJ / kg,the yield of fix-carbon was 55. 63% and the temperature of collected carbon was24℃ when the temperature of furnace was set at 550℃,600℃,600℃,600℃ and 550℃,respectively,after separation of pyrolysis gas and bio-oil,the pyrolysis gas flow into an afterburner chamber where enough air fuelled ensured complete combustion,which conformed to the demand of grading heating and continuous pyrolysis.