APEC期间北京市PM2.5特征模拟分析及污染控制措施评估

Numerical study on the characteristics of PM_(2.5) in Beijing and the assessment of pollution control measures during APEC

为分析APEC会议前后PM_(2.5)浓度特征,评估应急控制措施效果,通过对比分析APEC会前、会期、会后北京PM_(2.5)浓度和组分的变化特征,探讨气象条件和污染调控对环境空气质量的改善作用,采用CAMx-PSAT模型定量分析北京周边不同区域、不同污染源的控制措施对空气质量的改善效果,并设置情景对比研究控制措施实施与否呈现出的不同污染状况.结果表明:会期北京市区PM_(2.5)日均监测浓度低于国家空气质量二级标准(75μg/m3),污染物主要来自于本地源的排放,机动车尾气排放是北京市区PM_(2.5)的最主要污染源,贡献占比达到36.1%.由于污染控制措施的实施,会期北京市区PM_(2.5)浓度降低了43.0%,北京及周边区域严苛的污染控制措施是形成'APEC蓝'的主导因素.

In order to analyze the characteristic of PM2.5 concentrations and assess the effect of the temporary control measures during the APEC meeting, the variation of PM2.5 concentration and its components before-, during- and after-APEC were analyzed and the role of meteorological conditions and pollution control measures to the improvement of air quality were explored. Then CAMx-PSAT model was used to quantitatively analyze the effect of improving the air quality of the pollution control measures for different sources in different regions. Different scenarios were defined to compare the situations between the control measures implemented or not during the APEC meeting. The results showed that the average daily PM2.5 concentration in Beijing during the APEC was lower than the National Environmental Standard II （75lag/m3）, PMz.5 pollutants were mainly emitted from the local emission sources, of which vehicle exhaust was the main pollution source, accounting for 36.1%. PMz5 concentrations in Beijing decreased by 43.0% because of the implementation of the temporary control measures during the APEC meeting. The stringent control measures implemented in Beijing and its surrounding areas dominantly contributed for ＂APEC blue＂.