癌症恶病质与脂肪流失

Cancer cachexia and fat loss

癌症恶病质是癌症晚期的高消耗状态,其主要特征是体质量下降,肌肉和脂肪的流失。脂肪流失比肌肉更加显著,并且先于肌肉发生。脂质降解、脂肪酸氧化和白色脂肪组织褐变增强、脂质生成、脂质存储和脂肪细胞减少是引起脂肪流失的重要因素。肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factorα,TNFα)、白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)和锌-α2-糖蛋白(zincα2-glycoprotein,ZAG)是参与脂肪流失过程的调节因子,以其为靶点的抗癌症恶病质药物呈现出良好的前景。对于脂肪流失发生机制的了解,有助于新型治疗方法和药物的开发。

Cancer cachexia is a state of highly wasting in the terminal stages of cancer,which is characterized by the depletion of adipose tissue,muscle wasting and body weight loss. Loss of fat depots is more prominent than muscle wasting and often precedes. The enhancement of lipolysis,free fatty acids oxidation and white adipose tissue browning,the reduction of lipogenesis,lipid deposition and adipogenesisare important factors causing fat loss. Tumor necrosis factor α,interleukin-6 and zinc α2-glycoprotein are mediators involved in the process of depletion of adipose tissue,thus the drugs targetingthese mediators show a good promise for the treatment of cancer cachexia. The attention paid to the mechanism of depletion of adipose tissue contributes to the development of new therapeutic methods and drugs.