自动紧急制动与可逆预紧安全带共同作用下乘员损伤分析

Analyses of Occupant Injury Affected by Combination of Autonomous Emergency Braking and Reversible Pretensioner Seatbelts

针对自动紧急制动(AEB)加重碰撞前的乘员离位现象,探讨了使用可逆预紧安全带改善该现象的有效性。建立了结合自动紧急制动、可逆预紧、主动人体模型的驾驶员侧乘员约束系统模型,通过志愿者实车实验获取碰撞前乘员多种坐姿的安全带约束参数,设定可逆预紧的关键参数范围。分析了AEB与可逆预紧关键参数对碰撞前乘员运动响应及碰撞中乘员损伤风险的影响。结果表明:相同碰撞强度下,AEB增加了乘员的损伤风险,尤其是胸部损伤。可逆预紧安全带通过改善乘员离位状态,可明显降低乘员在正面碰撞中的损伤风险。

Aiming at the occupant seat posture aggravated by AEB,the effectiveness of RPS in improving occupant OOP seating posture was investigated.A numerical simulation approach was utilized to establish a driver-side restraint system model involving AEB,RPS and active human model（AHM）.On the basis of volunteer tests which were conducted to obtain the key parameters induced by restrained occupants with different seat postures in the pre-crash phase,the tension force and increased length of seatbelts of RPS were set.The influences imposed by AEB and RPS on the occupants movement in the pre-crash phase were interpretted,as well as the injury risk during in-crash phase.The results indicate that AEB increases occupants injury risk in identical impact severity,especially thorax injury.Nevertheless,occupants injury risk decreases significantly with the utilization of RPS through improving occupants OOP seat posture.