输卵管妊娠患者配偶心理体验的质性研究

Qualitative Study of the Psychological Experience of Spouses of Patients with Tubal Pregnancy

目的深入了解输卵管妊娠患者配偶的真实心理体验,以期为制定有针对性的干预措施提供参考。方法 2015年4-9月,采用目的抽样法,选择第二军医大学长海医院收治的15名输卵管妊娠患者的配偶为研究对象,采用现象学研究方法对其进行半结构式访谈,并根据Colaizzi的7步分析法对资料进行分析,提炼主题。结果输卵管妊娠患者配偶的的心理感受可归纳为3个类属10个主题,类属一:患者最初确诊阶段配偶的心理体验,即恐惧、悲伤,焦虑、紧张,茫然失措感,获得疾病相关信息的需求,绝望;类属二:配偶调整适应期的照护心理体验,即委屈、重压感及逐渐适应;类属三:配偶社会适应能力的改变及角色转换体验,即不确定感和丧失感、社会适应能力的改变及角色转换。结论输卵管妊娠患者配偶需要有效的医疗、信息、情感支持,医护人员应关注和帮助缓解输卵管妊娠患者配偶的心理压力,以提高患者及其配偶的生活质量。

Objective To deeply understand the true psychological experience of spouses of patients with tubal pregnancy, in order to provide reference for developing targeted interventions. Methods By using purposive sampling method,15 cases were selected and had semi-structured interview.The data were analyzed by Colaizzi 7 steps method for refining the themes.Results The psychological feelings of spouses of patients with tubal pregnancy can be concluded in three aspects and 10 themes： 1.In the stage of first diagnosis： fear, sadness, anxiety, nervous, lost, eager for more information, desperate. 2. Adjustment stage： grievance, heavy pressure and gradually adapt to the status quo. 3. Change of social adaptability and role shift： uncertainty feeling, lost,change of social adaptation ability and role shift.Conclusions The spouses of patients with tubal pregnancy need effective medical, informative and emotional support, medical personnel should pay attention and ease the psychological pressure of the spouses of patients with tubal pregnancy, thus to improve the quality of life of the patients and their spouses.