蜂胶对大鼠实验性脂肪肝的疗效及其机制

Research on efficacy of propolis in rats with fatty liver and its mechanism

目的观察蜂胶对大鼠实验性脂肪肝的疗效,并分析其作用原理。方法 50只Wistar大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、蜂胶低剂量组、高剂量组、易善复组。除正常组外,其余各组采用喂食高脂乳液(1 ml/100 g)+喂食含56%酒精的酒溶液(1 ml/100 g)+腹腔注射10%的CCl_4菜籽油溶液(0.08 ml/100 g)的方法,使大鼠产生脂肪肝。所有大鼠于末次给药后禁食16 h,股动脉取血,检测血清谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、甘油三酯(TG)、胆固醇(TC)、游离脂肪酸(FFA)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)、白细胞介素8(IL-8)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)水平;计算肝脏器系数,做肝组织病理学检验。结果利用喂食高脂乳液+喂食56%的酒溶液+腹腔注射CCl_4菜籽油溶液的方法,可使大鼠产生脂肪肝,完成实验模型建立。相对于模型组,蜂胶高剂量组的TG、AST、TC、ALT、FFA水平下降明显(P<0.05),且效果优于低剂量组,与易善复组接近;与模型组比较,蜂胶高剂量组的血清炎症因子水平(IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α)也明显降低(P<0.05);蜂胶高剂量组的肝脏器系数与模型组比较下降明显(P<0.05),病理结果也显示肝细胞的水肿和坏死现象减轻,脂肪空泡减少。结论蜂胶对大鼠脂肪肝有明显的疗效,其作用机制可能与影响血清炎症因子水平具有一定的关联。

Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of prololis on fatty liver in rats and its mechanism. Methods Fifty rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, polyene phosphatidyleholine group, high dose of propolis group, low dose of propolis group（n = 10 in each group）. The fatty liver model was induced by feeding high fat emulsion and 56% alcohol and injecting carbon tetrachloride in abdominal cavity. After the last administration and fasting for 16 h, the blood was collected from the femoral artery to detect the level of aspertate aminotransferase （ AST）, alanine aminotransferase （ ALT）, triglyceride （TG）, cholesterol （ TC ）, free fatty acids （FFA）, interleukin-6 （IL-6）, interleukin-8 （IL-8） and tumor necrosis factor α （TNF-α）. The liver was removed to calculate the liver organ coefficient and observe the pathological changes. Results The fatty liver rat model was established successfully. Compared with model group, the blood levels of AST, ALT, TG, TC, FFA in high dose group reduced significantly（P 〈 0.05）. The effect was better in high dose group than in low dose group, but close to that in polyene phosphatidylcholine group. Compared with model group, the blood levels of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α in high dose group decreased significantly（ P 〈 0. 05）. The liver organ coefficient in high dose group was lower than in model group（P 〈 0.05）. The edema and necrosis in hepatic cells were rare in high dose group, and the fat vacuoles decreased. Conclusion Propolis has obvious therapeutic effect on fatty liver in rats, which may be related to the changes of serum levels of inflammatory factors.