论我国民事诉前证据保全制度存在的问题与改革思路

On the Problems and Reform of Chinese Civil Pre- trial Evidence Preservation System

2012年颁布的《民事诉讼法》确立了诉前证据保全制度,这一制度在立法和司法实践的运行中存在诉前证据保全的适用情形单一,局限于"固定保护"证据;申请诉前证据保全的对象单一,不利于"风险分担";缺乏对参与程序的主体的权利保障;没有规定被保全的证据的效力等问题。应扩大诉前证据保全的适用条件,促进多元化功能实现;增加诉前证据保全的执行主体;充分保障参与程序的主体的权利;明确规定诉前证据保全中证据的效力。

In 2012, the newly enacted Code of Civil Procedure to establish a new pre -trial evidence preservation system .This system exists in the running of the legislative and judicial practice , there are many problems：for pretrial evidence preservation situation of a single, limited to ＂fixed protection＂evidence; target application pretrial evidence preservation single , is not conducive to a ＂risk-sharing＂;lack of protection of the rights of the program participants; no provision is to preserve the effectiveness of evidence .We should extend the conditions of pretrial evidence preservation , promoting diversity function realization;increase pretrial evidence pres-ervation executive body;fully guarantee the rights of the participants of the program;clearly define effectiveness evidence in the pre -trial evidence preservation .