抗-HCV ELISA单阳、双阳献血者补充实验及跟踪分析研究

Research on Complementary Experiment and Tracking Analysis of Anti-HCV and ELISA Sero-concordant and Sero-discordant Blood Donors

目的对抗-HCV ELISA有反应性献血者进行追踪检测,了解其真实的病毒感染情况。方法对抗-HCV ELISA有反应性献血者在献血3个月、6个月时采集标本,进行ELISA试验、HCV PCR检测及RIBA确证3种平衡检测。结果36例单试剂阳性标本中,1例跟踪核酸检测阳性,RIBA确证阳性。36例双试剂阳性标本中有20例确证阳性(55.6%),不确定11例(30.6%),阴性5例(13.9%),跟踪结果无变化。结论应尽快出台并实施献血者补充实验的具体规定,确保血液安全,减少献血者流失;在试剂的选择上应选择特异性和灵敏度都高的试剂,无论选择哪种检测方式,建议ELISA方法应选择双抗原夹心法,也希望尽快在献血者中开展NAT和ELISA平行检测,以有效降低输血传播感染病毒的风险。

Objective To know their true virus infection by tracking and detecting the blood donors reactive to anti-HCV and ELISA. Methods The specimens of blood donors reactive to anti-HCV and ELISA were collected at 3-month and 6-month after donating blood, and were given three balanced detections including ELISA test, HCV PCR test and RIBA confirmation. Results In 36 cases of sero-concordant specimens, 1 positive case was detected by tracking nucleic acids, and 1positive case was confirmed by RIBA. In 36 cases of sero-discordant specimens, 20 positive cases were confirmed（55.6%）,11 cases were uncertain（30.6%）, 5 cases were negative（13.9%）, and the tracking results had no change. Conclusion We should make and implement specific regulations of complementary experiment of blood donors as soon as possible to ensure the blood safety and reduce the loss of blood donors, and choose the reagent with higher specificity and sensitivity degree,the double antigen sandwich method in ELISA method is suggested to be selected whichever detection method we choose and we hope to carry out NAT and ELISA parallel detection for donors as soon as possible thus effectively reducing risks of transfusion-transmitted infection virus.