孕前体质量指数和孕期增重对妊娠结局的影响

Effect of Pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index and Weight Gain During Pregnancy on Pregnancy Outcome

目的分析孕前体质量指数与孕期增重对于对孕妇妊娠结局的影响。方法选取2014年11月—2016年2月份期间,该院接收的孕妇450例,依据孕妇孕前体重正常、消瘦、肥胖以及超重,分别分为A、B、C 3组,每组150例,采用美国最新修订的健康孕期增重指南标准对4组孕妇的孕期增重情况进行分析与评价,对比3组孕妇的BMI与孕期增重对其妊娠结局造成的影响。结果 A组、B组与孕期增重不足组的自然分娩与分娩低出生体重儿的比例明显高于C组,而C组与孕期增重过大的孕妇,剖宫产率和巨大儿出生率显著高于A、B两组(P<0.05);孕期增重不足组孕妇发生早产的几率明显高于孕期增重过大的孕妇(P<0.05)。结论孕前BMI与孕期增重均会在不同程度上对孕妇的妊娠结局造成影响,孕妇应该意识到合理控制体质量与孕期增重的重要性。

Objective To analyze the effect of pre-pregnancy body mass index and weight gain during pregnancy on pregnancy outcome of pregnant women. Methods 450 cases of pregnant women admitted in our hospital from November 2014 to February 2016 were selected and respectively divided into the group A, group B and group C with 150 cases in each according to the normal, marasmus, obesity and overweight of pre-pregnancy body mass, and the weight gain during pregnancy was analyzed and evaluated adopting standard guide for healthy weight gain during pregnancy newly revised by USA, and the effect of BMI and weight gain during pregnancy on pregnancy outcome were compared between the three groups. Results The natural labor rate in the group A was obviously higher than that in the group B and group C（P〈0.05）, but the cesarean section rate and fetal macrosomia birthrate in the group C and pregnant women with oversize weight gain during pregnancy were obviously higher than those in the group A and group B（P〈0.05）, the premature birth probability in pregnant women with insufficient weight gain during pregnancy was obviously higher than that in the pregnant women with oversize weight gain during pregnancy（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Pre-pregnancy body mass index and weight gain during pregnancy can have an effect on the pregnancy outcome to varying degrees, and the pregnant women should realize the importance of rational control of body mass and weight gain during pregnancy.