丝瓜籽及冷榨丝瓜籽油品质分析

Analysis of the quality of towel gourd seed and towel gourd seed oil by cold pressing

对丝瓜籽进行剥壳和脱皮,采用低温压榨技术从丝瓜整籽、脱壳籽仁、脱皮纯仁中分别提取油脂并对三种油脂进行品质分析。结果表明,丝瓜籽含壳率43.64%,籽仁含种皮率1.68%,纯仁率54.68%;丝瓜籽的粗脂肪和粗蛋白含量分别为21.15%和24.64%,经脱壳和脱皮后,籽仁和纯仁的粗脂肪含量分别提高至40.53%和36.49%,粗蛋白含量分别提高43.61%和42.52%;丝瓜籽、仁油的主要脂肪酸是亚油酸、油酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸,不饱和脂肪酸含量为72.62%~76.78%,其中亚油酸含量56.48%~58.69%;丝瓜籽油的甾醇含量1.09%~1.90%,维生素E含量20~25 mg/100g,维生素E的主要成分为γ–生育酚,还含有一定量的生育三稀酚。

A quality analysis to the three kinds of oil, which were obtained from complete seeds, shelled kernels and whole peeled kernels with the technology of cold press, was carried out after shelling and peeling towel gourd seeds. The results showed that the ratio of kernel occupies seed, chaff occupies kernel were 54.68% and 1.68%, respectively, and the hull yield was 43.64%. The crude fat of shelling kernel and whole decorticating kemel were 40.53% and 36.49%, respectively. The crude protein of shelling kemel and whole decorticating kernel were 43.61% and 42.52%, respectively. While the crude fat and protein of complete seed were 21.15% and 24.46%, respectively. The major fatty acids of towel gourd seed oil were linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid. The proportion of unsaturated fatty acid in the seed oil and the content of linoleic acid were 72.62% ~ 76.78% and 56.48%~58.69%, respectively; The proportion of phytosterol in the oil of towel gourd seed was 1.09%~ 1.9%, vitamin E was 20 ~25 mg/100g. The main component of vitamin E was 7-tocopherol, and there also were some tocotrienols.