南极冰穹A低氧复合寒冷环境对考察队员儿茶酚胺含量和心肌酶的影响

EFFECTS OF ANTARCTIC DOME A HYPOXIA AND AN EXTREME COLD ENVIRONMENT ON CATECHOLAMINES AND MYOCARDIAL ENZYMES OF CHINESE EXPEDITIONERS

南极冰穹A地区气候条件极为恶劣,通过探讨冰穹A低氧复合寒冷环境对考察队员儿茶酚胺激素和心肌酶水平的影响,为冰穹A考察队员医学防治提供依据。分别在上海出发、冰穹A考察和返回上海时,采集第29次中国南极考察昆仑站冰盖队25名男队员外周静脉血样,检测血中去甲肾上腺素(NE)、肾上腺素(E)、多巴胺(DA)、高敏感性C反应蛋白(hs CRP)、肌酸激酶MB(CK-MB)和肌钙蛋白I(c Tn I)水平。队员E和CK-MB水平在冰穹A虽增高但与出发时没有显著性差异,E水平在返回上海后显著降低(P<0.01);DA水平在冰穹A和返回上海后均显著增高(P<0.05)。与出发(P<0.01)和冰穹A(P<0.01)数据相比,CK-MB水平在返回上海后均显著降低。肌钙蛋白I(c Tn I)水平在冰穹A和返回上海后均没有发生显著变化,均在正常范围内(<0.04 ng·m L-1),hs CRP和NE水平也没有显著性改变。Pearson相关性分析表明,CK-MB水平与E水平呈显著正相关(r=0.285*,P<0.05)。结果表明,在冰穹A低氧复合高寒环境下冰盖队员心肌出现了适应性代偿,返回上海后没有出现病理性损伤,心肌酶水平变化与儿茶酚胺类激素水平存在相关性,今后仍需积累多次昆仑站考察队的数据资料,深入探讨潜在的调节机制。

Antarctic Dome A is characterized by a multitude of environmental stressors. The effects of the extreme cold and hypoxic environment of Dome A on the catecholamines and myocardial enzyme of expeditioners were investigated. Blood samples from 25 male members of the 29 th Chinese Antarctic inland expedition were collected upon departure from Shanghai,during an 18-day stay at Dome-A,and upon return to Shanghai. Plasma levels of norepinephrine,epinephrine,dopamine,and high-sensitivity C-responsive protein（ hs CRP）,as well as serum levels of creatine kinase MB（ CK-MB） and cardiac troponin I（ c Tn I）,were measured. Compared with departure,epinephrine and CK-MB levels displayed an increasing trend at Dome A,but did not differ significantly,while dopamine levels increased significantly（ P〈0. 05）. Epinephrine levels decreased significantly（ P〈0. 01）,while dopamine levels increased significantly（ P〈0. 05）,upon return to Shanghai. Compared with the departure（ P〈0. 01） and Dome A levels（ P〈0. 01）,CK-MB levels decreased significantly upon return to Shanghai. c Tn I,hs CRP,and norepinephrine levels did not change significantly at different time points. Pearson＇s correlation analysis showed that the CK-MB and epinephrine levels were significantly positively correlated（ r = 0. 285 ＊,P〈0. 05）. These data suggest that there might be adaptive compensatory changes in the myocardium of Chinese Antarctic inland expeditioners,although no pathological injury was found upon their return to Shanghai. Serum levels of myocardial enzymes were closely related to the neuroendocrine regulation of catecholamines. Studies of future expeditions are needed to explore the underlying mechanism.