PAN/SWCNTs复合纳米纤维纱线的制备及其性能

Preparation and Properties of PAN/SWCNTs Composite Nanofiber Yarns

采用改进的静电纺丝装置,分别制备了纯聚丙烯腈(PAN)纳米纤维纱线和不同单壁碳纳米管(SWCNTs)质量分数的PAN/SWCNTs复合纳米纤维纱线.利用扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、傅里叶红外-拉曼光谱仪和X射线多晶衍射仪分别对复合纳米纤维纱线进行了形貌和直径表征、分子结构分析、结晶结构分析,并测试了不同SWCNTs质量分数对复合纳米纤维纱线力学性能的影响.结果表明:不同SWCNTs质量分数的PAN/SWCNTs复合纳米纤维纱线均具有良好的形态且沿着纱线轴向有序排列;随着SWCNTs质量分数的增加,纱线和纤维的直径均呈现减小的趋势,并且纤维中的串珠增多;碳纳米管沿纤维轴向均匀分布;碳纳米管的加入没有产生新的特征峰,但PAN的峰值有所减弱或增强;碳纳米管的加入改变了PAN的结晶性能;当SWCNTs质量分数为5%时,复合纳米纤维纱线的拉伸强度达到最高值为24.25 MPa.

Polyacrylonitrile/single-wall carbon nanotube（PAN/SWCNTs） composite nanofiber yarns with different mass fraction of SWCNTs were fabricated successfully by a modified electrospinning setup. The morphology, diameter, molecular structure and crystal structure of PAN/ SWCNTs composite nanofiber yarns were tested by SEM（scanning electron microscopy）.TEM（transmission electron microscopy）.FTIR （Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy） and XRD（X-ray diffraction）, respectively. The effects of SWCNTs with different mass fraction on mechanical properties of PAN/ SWCNTs composite nanofiber yarns were also investigated. It is found that PAN/ SWCNTs composite nanofiber yarns show great morphology and are uniaxially aligned along the axial yarn. With the mass fraction of SWCNTs increasing, the diameters of the composite nanofibers and yarns reduce, but the quantity of beaded nanofibers increases. The SWCNTs distribute along the long axis of composite nanofiber. The addition of SWCNTs doesn＇t generate new characteristic peak, but weakens or enhances some peaks. Moreover, the addition of SWCNTs changes the crystallization of PAN. The tensile strength of the PAN/SWCNTs composite nanofiber yarns reachs the maximum value 24.25 MPa when the mass fraction of SWCNTs is 5%.